Brahma Purana — Sāṃkhya-Yoga on Discerning Guṇas, Overcoming Bodily Doṣas, and Attaining Mokṣa, Shloka 40
Devanagari script
गतासूनां च सत्त्वानां देहान् भित्त्वा तथा शुभान् वासं कुलेषु जन्तूनां मरणाय धृतात्मनाम् //
Translation
Ayat (40) menegaskan bahawa mendengar dan mengingati Dharma ialah asas kehidupan yang berakhlak dan benar.
Word by Word
gata-āsūnāmof those whose life-breath has departed (dead)
gata-āsūnām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootgata (कृदन्त; √gam धातु) + asu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) (gatāḥ asavaḥ yeṣām); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) (qualifying sattvānām), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
sattvānāmof beings
sattvānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootsattva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
dehānbodies
dehān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdeha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
bhittvāhaving broken/penetrated
bhittvā:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhid (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), indeclinable verbal form (अव्ययकृदन्त)
tathāthus, likewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)
śubhānauspicious, good
śubhān:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśubha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); qualifying dehān
vāsamdwelling, residence
vāsam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvāsa (प्रातिपदik)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
kuleṣuin families/lineages
kuleṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkula (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)
jantūnāmof creatures
jantūnām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootjantu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
maraṇāyafor death
maraṇāya:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootmaraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular (एकवचन)
dhṛta-ātmanāmof the self-controlled/steadfast-minded
dhṛta-ātmanām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdhṛta (कृदन्त; √dhṛ धातु) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) (dhṛtaḥ ātmā yeṣām); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) (qualifying jantūnām), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
Speaker
Unspecified teacher/narrator addressing dvijāḥ (implied continuation)