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Shloka 38

Dakṣa’s Daughters, Cosmic Lineages, and the Population of the Three Worlds

अथात: श्रूयतां वंशो योऽदितेरनुपूर्वश: । यत्र नारायणो देव: स्वांशेनावातरद्विभु: ॥ ३८ ॥ विवस्वानर्यमा पूषा त्वष्टाथ सविता भग: । धाता विधाता वरुणो मित्र: शत्रु उरुक्रम: ॥ ३९ ॥

athātaḥ śrūyatāṁ vaṁśo yo ’diter anupūrvaśaḥ yatra nārāyaṇo devaḥ svāṁśenāvātarad vibhuḥ

Sekarang dengarkanlah keturunan Aditi menurut urutan; dalam dinasti inilah Dewa Nārāyaṇa, Yang Maha Berkuasa, turun melalui swāṁśa-Nya. Putera-putera Aditi ialah: Vivasvān, Aryamā, Pūṣā, Tvaṣṭā, Savitā, Bhaga, Dhātā, Vidhātā, Varuṇa, Mitra, Śatru dan Urukrama.

athanow/then
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormMaṅgala/krama-bodhaka avyaya (discourse particle)
ataḥthereupon/therefore
ataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootataḥ (अव्यय)
FormHetu/krama-bodhaka avyaya (therefore/thereupon)
śrūyatāmlet (it) be heard
śrūyatām:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootśru (धातु)
FormLoṭ-lakāra (Imperative), Ātmanepada; Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana (sg.); passive/impersonal sense: ‘let it be heard’
vaṁśaḥlineage/dynasty
vaṁśaḥ:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootvaṁśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.)
yaḥwhich
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.); relative pronoun
aditeḥof Aditi
aditeḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootaditi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (f.), Ṣaṣṭhī (Gen. 6), Ekavacana (sg.)
anupūrvaśaḥin order/serially
anupūrvaśaḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootanupūrvaśas (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; manner adverb (‘in due order/sequence’)
yatrawherein
yatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/relative location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyatra (अव्यय)
FormRelative adverb (स्थानवाचक)
nārāyaṇaḥNārāyaṇa
nārāyaṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootnārāyaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.)
devaḥthe Lord/god
devaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.); apposition to nārāyaṇaḥ
sva-aṁśenaby (His) own portion
sva-aṁśena:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootsva + aṁśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Tṛtīyā (Instr. 3), Ekavacana (sg.); तत्पुरुष: ‘sva-aṁśa’ = own portion; instrumental of means
avātaratdescended/incarnated
avātarat:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootava-√tṝ (धातु)
FormLaṅ-lakāra (Imperfect/past), Parasmaipada; Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana (sg.)
vibhuḥthe all-powerful one
vibhuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvibhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.); epithet of Nārāyaṇa
A
Aditi
N
Nārāyaṇa

FAQs

This verse introduces Aditi’s lineage and states that Lord Nārāyaṇa descended within it by expanding His own plenary portion, indicating His divine, intentional descent.

He is transitioning into a sequential account of Aditi’s descendants, highlighting that this lineage is especially sacred because the Lord appears within it.

It strengthens faith that the Supreme actively guides the world; regularly hearing such accounts cultivates devotion and steadiness in dharma.