Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 48

Vyāsa’s Vision, the Power of Bhāgavatam, and the Arrest of Aśvatthāmā

यै: कोपितं ब्रह्मकुलं राजन्यैरजितात्मभि: । तत् कुलं प्रदहत्याशु सानुबन्धं शुचार्पितम् ॥ ४८ ॥

yaiḥ kopitaṁ brahma-kulaṁ rājanyair ajitātmabhiḥ tat kulaṁ pradahaty āśu sānubandhaṁ śucārpitam

Wahai raja, apabila golongan pemerintah yang tidak mengawal indera menyinggung dan membangkitkan murka golongan brāhmaṇa, maka api kemarahan itu segera membakar seluruh wangsa diraja beserta pertalian, lalu menimpakan dukacita kepada semuanya.

yaiḥby whom
yaiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)
kopitamangered
kopitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√kup (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘क्रोधित/कोपित’
brahma-kulamthe Brahmin lineage
brahma-kulam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman + kula (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष—‘ब्राह्मणानां कुलम्’
rājanyaiḥby the kṣatriyas/royal men
rājanyaiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrājanya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
ajita-ātmabhiḥwith uncontrolled minds
ajita-ātmabhiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootajita + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय—‘अजितः आत्मा येषाम्’ (uncontrolled selves)
tatthat
tat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम—अत्र ‘तत्’ (that)
kulamfamily/lineage
kulam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkula (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
pradahatiburns/destroys
pradahati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + √dah (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
āśuquickly
āśu:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootāśu (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)
sa-anubandhamtogether with its repercussions/with its line
sa-anubandham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa + anubandha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय—‘अनुबन्धसहितम्’ (with consequences/with descendants)
śucā-arpitamconsigned to sorrow
śucā-arpitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśuc (प्रातिपदिक) + √arp (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तृतीया-तत्पुरुष—‘शुचा अर्पितम्’ (given over to grief)

The brāhmaṇa order of society, or the spiritually advanced caste or community, and the members of such highly elevated families, were always held in great esteem by the other, subordinate castes, namely the administrative kingly order, the mercantile order and the laborers.

P
Parīkṣit Mahārāja
B
brāhmaṇas
K
kṣatriyas (rājanya)

FAQs

This verse warns that when self-uncontrolled rulers provoke brāhmaṇas, their own dynasty is quickly ruined, along with their associates, due to the destructive reaction that follows such an offense.

Śukadeva instructs Parīkṣit on dharma and the grave consequences of hostility toward brāhmaṇas, in the context of events surrounding misuse of brahminical power and the need for righteous governance.

Cultivate self-control and avoid abusing power; show respect to teachers, sages, and principled counselors—because harming those dedicated to truth and wisdom can bring swift personal and social fallout.