Shloka 22

Kṛṣṇa’s Queens, Their Sons, and Balarāma’s Victory over Rukmī at Dice

Aniruddha–Rocanā Marriage Context

Devanagari script

श्रीशुक उवाच वृत: स्वयंवरे साक्षादनङ्गोऽङ्गयुतस्तया । राज्ञ: समेतान् निर्जित्य जहारैकरथो युधि ॥ २२ ॥

Transliteration

śrī-śuka uvāca vṛtaḥ svayaṁvare sākṣād anaṇgo ’ṇga-yutas tayā rājñaḥ sametān nirjitya jahāraika-ratho yudhi

Translation

Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī berkata: Dalam upacara svayaṁvara, Rukmavatī sendiri memilih Pradyumna, penjelmaan semula Ananga (Dewa Cinta). Kemudian, seorang diri di atas satu kereta, Pradyumna menewaskan para raja yang berhimpun dan membawa dia pergi.

Synonyms

• śrī-śukaḥ: Śrī Śuka
• śrī-śukaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śrī + śuka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga (masc.), Prathamā vibhakti (Nom. 1st), Ekavacana (sg.)

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (Perfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana (sg.), Parasmaipada

• vṛtaḥ: chosen
• vṛtaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vṛ (धातु)
• Form: Kta-pratyaya (क्त) past passive participle, Puṁliṅga (masc.), Prathamā (Nom.), Ekavacana; ‘chosen’

• svayaṁvare: in the svayaṁvara
• svayaṁvare: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: svayaṁvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga (masc.), Saptamī vibhakti (Loc. 7th), Ekavacana (sg.)

• sākṣāt: directly, in person
• sākṣāt: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sākṣāt (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (adverb) ‘directly/in person’

• anaṅgaḥ: Anaṅga (Pradyumna/Kāma)
• anaṅgaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anaṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga (masc.), Prathamā vibhakti (Nom. 1st), Ekavacana (sg.); proper name (Ananga/Pradyumna as Kāma)

• aṅga-yutaḥ: embodied, with a body
• aṅga-yutaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aṅga + yuta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga (masc.), Prathamā vibhakti (Nom. 1st), Ekavacana; samāsa: tatpuruṣa ‘accompanied by (his) body/limbs’ i.e., embodied

• tayā: by her
• tayā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (fem.), Tṛtīyā vibhakti (Instr. 3rd), Ekavacana (sg.)

• rājñaḥ: of the kings
• rājñaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga (masc.), Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (Gen. 6th), Ekavacana (sg.)

• sametān: assembled
• sametān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam + i (धातु)
• Form: Kta-pratyaya (क्त) PPP used adjectivally, Puṁliṅga (masc.), Dvitīyā (Acc.), Bahuvacana; ‘assembled’

• nirjitya: having defeated
• nirjitya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nir + ji (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्) form in -ya, ‘having conquered’

• jahāra: carried off, took away
• jahāra: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: hṛ (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (Perfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana (sg.), Parasmaipada

• eka-rathaḥ: alone in one chariot
• eka-rathaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: eka + ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga (masc.), Prathamā vibhakti (Nom. 1st), Ekavacana; ‘single-charioted’ (alone in one chariot)

• yudhi: in battle
• yudhi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yudh (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Strīliṅga (fem.), Saptamī vibhakti (Loc. 7th), Ekavacana (sg.)

Characters & Entities

• Śukadeva Gosvāmī
• Kṛṣṇa
• Rukmiṇī
• assembled kings (various rulers present at the svayaṁvara)

FAQs

What does the Srimad Bhagavatam say about Krishna defeating Cupid (Anaṅga)?

This verse describes Kṛṣṇa as “Anaṅga,” indicating He is beyond material lust and can subdue Cupid’s influence; His love is divine and protective, not driven by ordinary passion.

Why did Krishna carry Rukmini away after the svayaṁvara?

After Rukmiṇī chose Kṛṣṇa, opposing kings tried to block the marriage; Kṛṣṇa defeated them in battle and took her away, ensuring her chosen, dharmic union was fulfilled.

How can devotees apply the message of Bhagavatam 10.61.22 in modern life?

Choose relationships and life decisions aligned with dharma and devotion, and remember that sincere surrender to the Lord brings protection—even when faced with social pressure or opposition.