Atharva Veda 9.4.18: Kanda 9, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 4, Mantra 18

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

श॒त॒याजं॒ स य॑जते॒ नैनं॑ दुन्वन्त्य॒ग्नयः॑ । जिन्व॑न्ति॒ विश्वे॒ तं दे॒वा यो ब्रा॑ह्म॒ण ऋ॑ष॒भमा॑जु॒होति॑

IAST Transliteration

śatáyājaṁ sá yajate náinaṁ dunvánty agnáyaḥ | jínvanti víśve táṁ devā́ yó brāhmaṇá ṛṣabhám ā́juhoti ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

A hundred-sacrificer is he accounted; the Fires afflict him not. All Gods make him to thrive—who, being Brahman, offers up the Bull.

Translation

Dia dihitung sebagai pelaku seratus korban; Api-api (Agni) tidak menyusahkannya. Semua Dewa menjadikannya subur dan maju—dia yang, sebagai Brahman, mempersembahkan Sang Banteng.

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Word by Word

• शतयाजम्: the ‘hundred-sacrificer’ (one who has performed many sacrifices)
• शतयाजम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: शत-याज (प्रातिपदिक; ‘शत’ + ‘याज’)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• यजते: worships / performs sacrifice
• यजते: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (धातु)

• न: not
• न: (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• एनम्: him
• एनम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• दुन्वन्ति: afflict / harass
• दुन्वन्ति: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दुन्/दु (धातु; ‘to hurt, afflict, harass’)

• अग्नयः: fires; (fire-deities) Agnis
• अग्नयः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• जिन्वन्ति: invigorate / strengthen
• जिन्वन्ति: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जिव्/जिन् (धातु; ‘to quicken, invigorate, gladden’)

• विश्वे: all (the)
• विश्वे: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• यः: who
• यः: कर्तृ
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ब्राह्मणः: a Brahmin
• ब्राह्मणः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋषभम्: a bull; the best/foremost (as ‘bull among…’)
• ऋषभम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषभ (प्रातिपदिक)

• आजुहोति: offers (into the fire); makes an oblation
• आजुहोति: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हु (धातु) + आ- (उपसर्ग)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasic attribution (per anukramaṇī for AV 9.4).

Devata: Agni and Viśve Devāḥ; Ṛṣabha as consecrated offering-object.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; confirm by metrical count).

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shanta