Agni Purana — Vastu-Pratishtha & Isana-kalpa, Shloka 40

Liṅga-māna-ādi-kathana

Measurements and Related Particulars of the Liṅga

Devanagari script

अंशात् प्रान्ते युगांशैश् च त्वेकाहान्यामृताक्षकं पूर्णबालेन्दुकुमुदं द्वित्रिवेदक्षयात् क्रमात्

Transliteration

aṃśāt prānte yugāṃśaiś ca tvekāhānyāmṛtākṣakaṃ pūrṇabālendukumudaṃ dvitrivedakṣayāt kramāt

Translation

Pada penghujung satu darjah (perjalanan suria), dan juga melalui pecahan bahagian yuga, hendaklah dihitung pertambahan satu hari; dengan itu diperoleh kiraan yang disebut «bermata amṛta» (tanda mujarab dan baik). Keadaan purnama, bulan muda, dan «bulan‑kumuda» (teratai bulan) ditentukan menurut tertib melalui pengurangan berturut-turut dua dan tiga «Veda» (iaitu pengurangan dalam set empat) langkah demi langkah.

Word by Word

• अंशात्: from a portion/part
• अंशात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/अपादान), एकवचन

• प्रान्ते: at the edge/end
• प्रान्ते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रान्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• युग-अंशैः: with portions of a yuga
• युग-अंशैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युग (प्रातिपदिक) + अंश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (युगस्य अंशाः)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle)

• एक-अहानि: one-day periods (single days)
• एक-अहानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक) + अहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (अहानि); समासः—द्विगु (एकं अहः)

• अमृत-अक्षकम्: ‘amṛta-dice/seed’ (name of a form/mark)
• अमृत-अक्षकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमृत (प्रातिपदिक) + अक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + क (प्रातिपदिक-प्रत्यय)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (अमृतस्य अक्षः/अक्षकः)

• पूर्ण-बाल-इन्दु-कुमुदम्: a kumuda-like form like a full young moon
• पूर्ण-बाल-इन्दु-कुमुदम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक) + बाल (प्रातिपदिक) + इन्दु (प्रातिपदिक) + कुमुद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारय/बहु-कर्मधारय (पूर्णः बाल इन्दुः इव कुमुदम्)

• द्वि-त्रि-वेद-क्षयात्: from the diminution of two/three Vedas (portions)
• द्वि-त्रि-वेद-क्षयात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वि (प्रातिपदिक) + त्रि (प्रातिपदिक) + वेद (प्रातिपदिक) + क्षय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/अपादान), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (द्वित्रिवेदानां क्षयः)

• क्रमात्: in sequence/gradually
• क्रमात्: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोग (adverbial instrumental/ablative sense); ‘क्रमात्’ = क्रमशः (in order/gradually)

Speaker

Lord Agni (in dialogue, traditionally instructing Sage Vasiṣṭha)

Vidya Category

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Jyotisha","secondary_vidya":"Cosmology","practical_application":"Calendrical computation of daily increments and lunar states (full/young/moon-lotus phases) using degree endpoints and yuga-fraction arithmetic for ritual timing and observances.","sutra_style":true}

Encyclopedic Reference

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Procedure","entry_title":"Ekāha increment and lunar-state determination by aṃśa and yuga-aṃśa","lookup_keywords":["ekāha","aṃśa","yuga-aṃśa","pūrṇa-candra","tithi-calculation"],"quick_summary":"Gives a rule to compute a one-day increment from degree endpoints and yuga-fractions, then indicates an ordered determination of lunar conditions via stepwise reductions in fixed quanta."}

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ritual correctness depends on measurable time; cosmic order is accessed through computation (gaṇita) and observation.

Application: Pañcāṅga-making and selecting auspicious days for vrata, pūjā, and saṃskāras.

Khanda Section

Khanda Section: Jyotisha (Astronomical/Calendrical Computation and Time-Reckoning)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Visual Art Cues

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"An astronomer-priest computing daily increments on a palm-leaf, with a circular zodiac (aṃśa divisions) and a moon-phase wheel showing full, young, and lotus-like states in sequence.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, night-sky panel with stylized grahas; a jyotiṣi with palm-leaf and stylus; zodiac ring with degree marks; moon phases arranged as a garland.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting, ornate circular yantra-like zodiac with gold work; central moon disc in three states; a seated jyotiṣi offering a pañcāṅga to a patron.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting, didactic diagram: degree arc (aṃśa), yuga-fraction notation, stepwise reduction blocks labeled ‘2’ and ‘3’ vedas; clean lines and captions.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, observatory terrace scene with instruments and manuscript tables; moon phases painted in margins; refined architectural setting."}

Audio Atmosphere

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"contemplative","suggested_raga":"Hamsadhwani","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: युगांशैश् = युगांशैः + च (visarga sandhi); त्वेकाहानि = तु + एकाहानि; एकाहानि = एक + अहानि; अहान्यामृताक्षकं = अहानि + अमृताक्षकम्.

Cross References

Related Themes: Agni Purana 54 (jyotiṣa subsection around time-reckoning)

Characters & Entities

• Indu (Moon)
• Kāla-māna (time-reckoning)
• Veda (as a numeral marker)

FAQs

What technical or ritual knowledge (Vidya) is imparted in this verse?

It teaches a Jyotiṣa-style computational rule: using degrees (aṃśa), yuga-fractions, and day-increments (ekāha) to derive ordered lunar states (full/young moon, etc.) via stepwise reductions (kṣaya) expressed with word-numerals (veda = 4).

How does this verse contribute to the 'Encyclopedic' nature of the Agni Purana?

Beyond theology, it preserves technical calendrical/astronomical methods—showing the Agni Purana as a compendium that includes practical Jyotiṣa computation alongside ritual and philosophical material.

What is the spiritual or karmic significance of this specific instruction?

Accurate lunar/time reckoning supports correct timing of vows, fasts, and rites; performing observances at properly computed tithis and lunar conditions is traditionally held to increase ritual efficacy and merit (puṇya).