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Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 19

तेषां त्रयाणां मध्ये च विद्या मुख्यो महागुणः । विद्यां विनांधवद्विप्राश्चक्षुष्मंतो हि ते मताः

teṣāṃ trayāṇāṃ madhye ca vidyā mukhyo mahāguṇaḥ | vidyāṃ vināṃdhavadviprāścakṣuṣmaṃto hi te matāḥ

या तिघांमध्ये विद्या हा मुख्य महागुण आहे। विद्येविना विप्रही अंधासारखे मानले जातात—जरी नावाने ‘चक्षुष्मंत’ म्हणवले तरी।

teṣāmof those
teṣām:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन (Genitive, Plural)
trayāṇāmof the three
trayāṇām:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Roottraya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; संख्याविशेषणम् (Genitive, Plural; numeral adjective: of the three)
madhyein the midst/among
madhye:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmadhya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन (Neuter, Locative, Singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
vidyāknowledge
vidyā:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvidyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Feminine, Nominative, Singular)
mukhyaḥchief/primary
mukhyaḥ:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmukhya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् ‘mahāguṇaḥ’ (Masculine, Nominative, Singular; adjective)
mahāguṇaḥgreat virtue
mahāguṇaḥ:
Karta (Subject complement/कर्ता-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (महान् गुणः) (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)
vidyāmknowledge
vidyām:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvidyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन (Feminine, Accusative, Singular)
vināwithout
vinā:
Apadana (Ablative sense/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvinā (अव्यय)
Formअपादानार्थक-अव्यय (preposition-like indeclinable: without)
andha-vatlike the blind
andha-vat:
Sambandha (Manner/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootandha (प्रातिपदिक) + vat (तद्धित-प्रत्यय)
Formउपमानवाचक-अव्यय (adverbial: like a blind person)
viprāḥbrahmins
viprāḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Plural)
cakṣuṣmantaḥhaving eyes/sight
cakṣuṣmantaḥ:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcakṣuṣmant (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् ‘viprāḥ’ (Masculine, Nominative, Plural; adjective: possessing eyes)
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formहेतौ/निश्चये-अव्यय (particle: indeed/for)
tethey
te:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Plural)
matāḥare considered
matāḥ:
Kriya (Predicative/क्रिया-सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootman (धातु) → mata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विधेय-विशेषणम् (Past participle ‘considered’, Masculine, Nominative, Plural)

Lomaharṣaṇa (Sūta) to the sages (deduced)

Scene: A teacher-sage holds a manuscript like a lamp; beside him a brāhmaṇa with sacred thread but no manuscript is shown with veiled eyes, illustrating ‘blindness without learning’.

FAQs

Vidyā is essential for true spiritual and moral vision; without it, status alone is hollow.

None; the verse emphasizes the inner qualification of knowledge rather than a location.

Implicitly, cultivate and honor vidyā when assessing pātratā for dāna and in living brāhmaṇa-dharma.