Rig Veda 6.55.2 — Mandala 6, Sukta 55, Mantra 2

Sukta 6.55

Rishi: Bharadvāja (Bārhaspatya) tradition

Devata: Uncertain from excerpt alone; epithets (kapardin, rathītama) can point toward Rudra or a solar/leading power; requires confirmation from full RV 6.55 hymn ascription

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm in critical edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

रथीतमं कपर्दिनमीशानं राधसो महः । रायः सखायमीमहे ॥

Transliteration

rathī́tamaṃ kapardínam ī́śānaṃ rā́dhaso maháḥ | rāyáḥ sákhāyam īmahe ||

Translation

आम्ही मित्र म्हणून त्या परम रथीतमाला मागतो—कपर्दिन् (जटाधारी/केशगुंफित) सामर्थ्य-वाहक, महान् राधस् (दान-समृद्धी)चा ईशान, आणि रयि (अंतर-धन)चा सहचर.

Word by Word

• रथीतमम्: the best charioteer / most chariot-skilled
• रथीतमम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रथिन् (प्रातिपदिक) < रथ

• कपर्दिनम्: the one with braided hair / the matted-haired
• कपर्दिनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: कपर्दिन् (प्रातिपदिक) < कपर्द (जटा/केशगुच्छ)

• ईशानम्: the ruling one, lord
• ईशानम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (present participial adjective used as epithet)
• Root: ईशान (प्रातिपदिक; √ईश् ‘to rule, be master’)

• राधसः: of bounty / of gifts
• राधसः: (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राधस् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘bounty, gift, wealth’

• महः: great (bounty) / of great abundance
• महः: (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महत्/महि (प्रातिपदिक) ‘great’ → महः (नपुंसक) ‘greatness, greatness/abundance’

• रायः: of wealth / of riches
• रायः: (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राय्/राय (प्रातिपदिक) ‘wealth, riches’

• सखायम्: a friend
• सखायम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक) ‘friend’

• ईमहे: we seek / we implore
• ईमहे: (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √यम् (आत्मनेपद) ‘to strive for, seek, ask’ (वैदिके: ई-आगम/प्रत्ययवृद्धिः) → यामहे/ईमहे