Rig Veda 5.79.9 — Mandala 5, Sukta 79, Mantra 9
Sukta 5.79
Rishi: Syāvāśva Ātreya (traditional)
Devata: Uṣas (with Sūrya as enforcing power)
Chandas: Jagatī (traditional; verify)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
व्युच्छा दुहितर्दिवो मा चिरं तनुथा अपः । नेत्त्वा स्तेनं यथा रिपुं तपाति सूरो अर्चिषा सुजाते अश्वसूनृते ॥
Transliteration
vyùcchā duhitar divo mā́ ciráṃ tanuthā́ ápaḥ | nét tvā stenáṃ yáthā ripúṃ tápāti sū́ro arcíṣā sujāte aśvasūnṛte ||
Translation
हे दिवः-दुहिता, व्युच्छ—प्रकाश पसरव; विलंबाचे जल फार काळ ताणू नकोस. सूर्याने आपल्या अर्चीने तुला तसे तापवू नये, जसे तो चोर, शत्रूला जाळतो; हे सुजाते, अश्व-बल देणारी, सूनृता देणारी.
Word by Word
व्युच्छाDawn forth; shine out
व्युच्छा:
(predicate; addressed to the deity)
TypeVerb
Rootव्य्-उष् (उष् ‘उष्णाति/उषति’ → ‘उषस्’/‘उषा’ ‘to dawn, shine’) + वि- (upasarga)
दुहितःO daughter
दुहितः:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeNoun
Rootदुहितृ (prātipadika)
दिवःof heaven
दिवः:
Śeṣa (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ (prātipadika ‘heaven, sky’)
माdo not
मा:
(negation of the action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (prohibitive particle)
चिरम्for long; long (time)
चिरम्:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (time-extent)
TypeAdverb (from adjective)
Rootचिर (prātipadika)
तनुथाःstretch out; prolong
तनुथाः:
(predicate; addressed to Uṣas)
TypeVerb
Rootतन् (धातु ‘to stretch, extend’)
अपःthe waters
अपः:
Karma (object)
TypeNoun
Rootअप् (prātipadika ‘water’)
नlest; not
न:
(negation of clause)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (particle)
इत्indeed; just
इत्:
(emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (enclitic particle)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
Karma (object)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (pronoun)
स्तेनम्a thief
स्तेनम्:
Karma (object/complement in comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootस्तेन (prātipadika)
यथाas; like
यथा:
(upamā/relative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (relative adverb)
रिपुम्an enemy
रिपुम्:
Karma (object)
TypeNoun
Rootरिपु (prātipadika)
तपातिburns; scorches
तपाति:
(predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootतप् (धातु ‘to heat, burn’)
सूरःthe sun
सूरः:
Kartā (agent)
TypeNoun
Rootसूर (prātipadika ‘sun’)
अर्चिषाwith (his) flame/ray
अर्चिषा:
Karaṇa (instrument/means)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्चिस् (prātipadika ‘flame, ray’)
सुजातेO well-born one
सुजाते:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeAdjective (used as vocative)
Rootसु-जात (kṛdanta/prātipadika; ‘well-born’)
अश्वसूनृतेO Ashva-sūnṛtā (epithet of Uṣas; ‘having good truth/utterance with horses’ / traditional name)
अश्वसूनृते:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet, vocative)
Rootअश्व-सूनृत (compound prātipadika; epithet)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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