Rig Veda 1.3.11: Mandala 1, Sukta 3, Mantra 11

Sukta 1.3

Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditional ascription for RV 1.1–1.11; this verse within RV 1.3 commonly aligned to the Vaiśvāmitra family tradition)

Devata: Sarasvatī

Chandas: Gāyatrī (3 pādas of 8 syllables; standard for early RV invocations)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

चोदयित्री सूनृतानां चेतन्ती सुमतीनाम् । यज्ञं दधे सरस्वती ॥

Transliteration

codayitrī sūnṛ́tānāṃ cétantī sumatīnām | yajñáṃ dadhé sárasvatī ||

Translation

सूनृतांचा (सत्य-प्रकाश वाणीचा) चोदयित्री, सुमतींची चेतना जागविणारी—सरस्वती—यज्ञ धारण करते, यज्ञ स्थापन करते.

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Word by Word

• चोदयित्री: the impeller, inspirer (Sarasvatī)
• चोदयित्री: कर्तृ (यज्ञं दधे—क्रियायाः कर्ता)
• Type: Noun (agent noun)/Epithet
• Root: चुद् (प्रेरणे) → चोदयितृ- (प्रातिपदिक) स्त्री.

• सूनृतानाम्: of truthful/pleasant utterances
• सूनृतानाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of …’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूनृता- (प्रातिपदिक; सु- + नृ/नृत? ‘true/pleasant speech’, established Vedic noun)

• चेतन्ती: perceiving, mindful, awakening
• चेतन्ती: कर्तृ-विशेषण (agentive qualifier of Sarasvatī)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: चित् (चेतने) → चेतत्/चेतन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• सुमतीनाम्: of good thoughts / good intentions
• सुमतीनाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of …’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुमति- (प्रातिपदिक; सु- + मति ‘good thought/wise counsel’)

• यज्ञम्: the sacrifice, the rite
• यज्ञम्: कर्म (दधे—what is placed/established)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ- (प्रातिपदिक; √यज् ‘to worship, sacrifice’)

• दधे: has placed/established
• दधे: क्रिया (मुख्य क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धारणे/स्थापने)

• सरस्वती: Sarasvatī
• सरस्वती: कर्तृ (दधे—agent)
• Type: Noun (proper)/Deity name
• Root: सरस्वती- (प्रातिपदिक; नदी-देवी नाम)