Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 81, Shloka 8

इन्द्रजितो मायासीतावधः

Indrajit’s Illusory Sita Episode and Hanuman’s Rebuke

Devanagari script

हनूमान् पुरतस्तेषांजगामकपिकुञ्जरः ।प्रगृह्यसुमहच्छृङ्गंपर्वतस्यदुरासदम् ।।।।

Transliteration

hanūmān puratas teṣāṃ jagāma kapikuñjaraḥ |

pragṛhya sumahacchṛṅgaṃ parvatasya durāsadam ||

Translation

त्यांच्या पुढे कपिकुञ्जर हनुमान चालून गेला। पर्वताचे दुर्गम असे अतिविशाल शिखर त्याने उचलून धरले.

Word by Word

• हनूमान्: Hanuman
• हनूमान्: कर्ता (Karta/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनूमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पुरतः: in front
• पुरतः: देशाधिकरण (Spatial adjunct)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरतः (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय/adverb of place

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• जगाम: went
• जगाम: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपदी, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• कपिकुञ्जरः: the foremost monkey
• कपिकुञ्जरः: कर्ता (Apposition to हनूमान्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपि + कुञ्जर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘elephant among monkeys’ (epithet)

• प्रगृह्य: having seized
• प्रगृह्य: पूर्वकाल (Absolutive; prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + ग्रह् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); ‘having seized’

• सुमहत्: very huge
• सुमहत्: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु + महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘very great’ (agreeing with शृङ्गम्)

• शृङ्गम्: peak
• शृङ्गम्: कर्म (Karma/Object of प्रगृह्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शृङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• पर्वतस्य: of a mountain
• पर्वतस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• दुरासदम्: hard to reach
• दुरासदम्: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुर् + आसद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘hard to approach’ (agreeing with शृङ्गम्)

Context

Hanuman, the elephant among monkeys, taking hold of a huge mountain peak that was difficult to reach marched forward and went.

Characters & Entities

• Hanuman
• Vanaras
• Parvata (mountain)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Leadership in dharmic warfare: Hanumān moves to the front to protect his allies, embodying service (sevā) and responsibility toward the righteous cause.

What is the narrative situation?

As battle is about to join, Hanumān advances ahead of the Vānara forces, weaponizing a mountain-peak.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vikrama (valor) and selfless guardianship—Hanumān takes the foremost risk for the collective.