Shloka 46

युद्धकाण्डे एकोनषष्टितमः सर्गः

Rāvaṇa’s Assault on Nīla and Lakṣmaṇa; Hanumān Bears Rāma

Devanagari script

ततोमहात्मासधनुर्धनुष्मानादायरामस्सहसाजगाम ।तंलक्ष्मणःप्राञ्जलिरभ्युपेत्यउवाचवाक्यंपरमार्थयुक्तम् ।।6.59.46।।

Transliteration

tato mahātmā sa dhanur dhanuṣmān ādāya rāmaḥ sahasā jagāma |

taṃ lakṣmaṇaḥ prāñjalir abhyupetya uvāca vākyaṃ paramārthayuktam ||6.59.46||

Translation

मग महात्मा धनुर्धर श्रीरामांनी क्षणात धनुष्य उचलले आणि पुढे निघाले. हात जोडून नम्रतेने जवळ येत लक्ष्मणांनी परमार्थयुक्त, सत्यनिष्ठ वचन उच्चारले.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb

• महात्मा: the great-souled one
• महात्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular; 'great-souled' used as substantive

• स: he
• स: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular

• धनुः: bow
• धनुः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative Singular (द्वितीया/2); object of ādāya

• धनुष्मान्: bow-bearing
• धनुष्मान्: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धनुष्मत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular; possessive adjective (मतुप्) 'having a bow'

• आदाय: having taken
• आदाय: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + दा (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय; ल्यप्)

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular; apposition to महात्मा

• सहसा: suddenly/immediately
• सहसा: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहसा (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb

• जगाम: went
• जगाम: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular; Parasmaipada

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative Singular; refers to Rāma

• लक्ष्मणः: Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular

• प्राञ्जलिः: with folded hands
• प्राञ्जलिः: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र + अञ्जलि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular; 'with folded hands'

• अभ्युपेत्य: approaching
• अभ्युपेत्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + उप + इ (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular; Parasmaipada

• वाक्यम्: words/speech
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative Singular; object of uvāca

• परमार्थयुक्तम्: connected with highest truth
• परमार्थयुक्तम्: Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम + अर्थ + युक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative Singular; qualifies वाक्यम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: परमार्थेन युक्तम् (endowed with highest truth)

Context

The great soul Rama who was holding a bow went seizing it. Lakshmana approached him immediately with folded hands and addressed Rama with words consonant with truth.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• bow (dhanuḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is expressed through disciplined action and truthful counsel: Rāma acts promptly for protection, while Lakṣmaṇa approaches respectfully and speaks with ‘paramārtha’—aimed at true, higher good.

What is the narrative situation?

As the battle worsens, Rāma prepares to intervene; Lakṣmaṇa comes forward to request permission and offer a principled course of action.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Respectful duty (vinaya) and clarity of purpose—Lakṣmaṇa’s deference and Rāma’s readiness to protect allies.