Previous Verse
Next Verse

Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 52, Shloka 45

गङ्गातरणम्, सुमन्त्र-प्रतिनिवर्तनम्, जटाधारणम्

Crossing the Gaṅgā; Sumantra’s Return; Adoption of Ascetic Signs

अहं किं चापि वक्ष्यामि देवीं तव सुतो मया।नीतोऽसौ मातुलकुलं सन्तापं मा कृथा इति।।2.52.45।।

ahaṃ kiṃ cāpi vakṣyāmi devīṃ tava suto mayā | nīto ’sau mātula-kulaṃ santāpaṃ mā kṛthā iti ||

मी देवी कौसल्येला काय सांगू—‘तुमचा पुत्र मी मामा-घराण्यात नेला आहे, दुःख करू नका’—जणू तेच सत्य आहे?

ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun; Nominative (1st), Singular
kimwhat
kim:
Karma (कर्म; of vakṣyāmi)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormInterrogative pronoun used adverbially; Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; ‘what?’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय) = ‘and’
apieven
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) = ‘even/also’
vakṣyāmiwill say
vakṣyāmi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
FormFuture (लृट्), 1st Person (उत्तमपुरुष), Singular; Parasmaipada
devīmthe queen
devīm:
Sampradāna/Karma (सम्प्रदान/कर्म; addressee)
TypeNoun
Rootdevī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd), Singular; here = queen (Kauśalyā)
tavayour
tava:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun; Genitive (6th), Singular
sutaḥson
sutaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; of implied ‘asti’)
TypeNoun
Rootsuta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
mayāby me
mayā:
Karta (कर्ता; in passive with nītaḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun; Instrumental (3rd), Singular
nītaḥhas been taken
nītaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया; भूत)
TypeVerb
Rootnīta (कृदन्त, √nī)
FormPast passive participle (क्त); Masculine, Nominative, Singular
asauthat one/he
asau:
Karta (कर्ता; of implied ‘asti’)
TypeNoun
Rootadas (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormDemonstrative pronoun; Masculine, Nominative, Singular
mātula-kulamto the maternal uncle’s house
mātula-kulam:
Karma (कर्म; गत्यर्थक)
TypeNoun
Rootmātula (प्रातिपदिक) + kula (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa = ‘maternal-uncle’s family/house’; Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; goal of motion
santāpamgrief
santāpam:
Karma (कर्म; object of kṛthāḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootsantāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular
do not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmā (अव्यय)
FormProhibitive particle (निषेध) used with imperative/optative
kṛthāḥmake
kṛthāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्), 2nd Person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular; Ātmanepada; ‘do/make’
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (उद्धरण-निपात)

What shall I say to Kausalya? Shall I say 'O venerable queen! I have left your son at his maternal uncle's, hence don't grieve'.

S
Sumantra
R
Rāma
K
Kauśalyā

FAQs

Satya (truthfulness) is central: Sumantra refuses to mask a painful reality with a convenient falsehood, even if the lie might momentarily reduce grief.

Sumantra worries about how he can face Kauśalyā in Ayodhyā and report that Rāma is gone to the forest.

Integrity in speech (satya) joined with compassion—he fears causing pain, yet will not deceive.