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Valmiki Ramayana 2.23.3: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 23, Shloka 3

लक्ष्मणक्रोधः—दैवपुरुषकारविवादः

Lakshmana’s Wrath and the Debate on Destiny vs Human Effort

तस्य दुष्प्रतिवीक्षं तद्भ्रुकुटीसहितं तदा।बभौ क्रुद्धस्य सिंहस्य मुखस्य सदृशं मुखम्।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.23.3

tasya duṣprativīkṣaṃ tad bhrukuṭīsahitaṃ tadā | babhau kruddhasya siṃhasya mukhasya sadṛśaṃ mukham || 2.23.03 ||

तेव्हा त्याचे भुवया कुंचित झालेले, पाहणे कठीण असे मुख क्रुद्ध सिंहाच्या मुखासारखे भासले।

तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
दुष्प्रतिवीक्षम्frightful to behold
दुष्प्रतिवीक्षम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुस्-प्रतिवीक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formउपपद-तत्पुरुष (दुष् + प्रतिवीक्ष); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण—‘hard to look at’
तत्that
तत्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘that’ (referring to face/appearance)
भ्रुकुटीसहितम्with a frown
भ्रुकुटीसहितम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootभ्रुकुटी-सहित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (भ्रुकुट्या सहितम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘accompanied by a frown’
तदाthen
तदा:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय
बभौappeared
बभौ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभा (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘shone/appeared’
क्रुद्धस्यof an angry
क्रुद्धस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुध् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त, पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of the angry (one)’
सिंहस्यlion's
सिंहस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
मुखस्यface
मुखस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootमुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
सदृशम्similar
सदृशम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसदृश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘similar’
मुखम्face
मुखम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन

With his frown, his face looked frightening like the face of a lion provoked.

L
Lakṣmaṇa (implied by context of adjacent verses)
S
siṃha (lion)

FAQs

The verse frames anger as ethically significant only when tethered to protection of dharma; the ‘lion-like’ expression signals a guardian’s readiness to confront adharma.

The narration describes the visible transformation in a key character’s face—fierce and frowning—immediately before/alongside declarations of protecting Rāma’s cause.

Fearless vigilance: the character’s intensity reflects resolve to defend what is right, not mere aggression.

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