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Valmiki Ramayana 2.19.16: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 19, Shloka 16

एकोनविंशः सर्गः (Sarga 19): Rāma’s Unshaken Acceptance of Exile and Kaikeyī’s Urgency

यावत्त्वं न वनं यातः पुरादस्मादभित्वरन्।पिता तावन्न ते राम स्नास्यते भोक्ष्यतेऽपि वा।।2.19.16।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.19.16

yāvat tvaṃ na vanaṃ yātaḥ purād asmād abhitvaran |

pitā tāvan na te rāma snāsyate bhokṣyate 'pi vā || 2.19.16 ||

हे राम! तू या नगरातून त्वरित वनात जाईपर्यंत तुझे पिता ना स्नान करतील, ना भोजनही करतील॥

यावत्as long as
यावत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyāvat (अव्यय)
Formअवधिवाचक-अव्यय (as long as)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
वनम्to the forest
वनम्:
Karma (कर्म/गन्तव्य)
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
यातःgone; (you) go
यातः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
Formकृदन्त, क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘gone’ (with negation: ‘do not go’)
पुरात्from the city
पुरात्:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootpura (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति, एकवचन
अस्मात्from this
अस्मात्:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
अभित्वरन्hastening
अभित्वरन्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-त्वर् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त, शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘hastening’
पिताfather
पिता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
तावत्till then
तावत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottāvat (अव्यय)
Formअवधिवाचक-अव्यय (till then)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
रामO Rama
राम:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन विभक्ति, एकवचन
स्नास्यतेwill bathe
स्नास्यते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्ना (धातु)
Formलृट् (simple future), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
भोक्ष्यतेwill eat
भोक्ष्यते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभुज् (धातु)
Formलृट् (simple future), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
अपिeven; also
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formसम्भावना/समुच्चयार्थक निपात (also/even)
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (or)

O Rama!, as long as you do not hasten to leave this city for the forest, your father will neither bathe nor eat.

R
Rāma
D
Daśaratha (father, implied)
A
Ayodhyā (implied by 'this city')
F
Forest (vana)

FAQs

Dharma is framed as urgency to fulfill a pledged word; however, the verse also illustrates ethically problematic pressure—using the king’s suffering to compel immediate compliance.

Kaikeyī insists Rāma must depart quickly, claiming Daśaratha will not perform normal acts (bathing/eating) until he does.

Rāma’s readiness to bear hardship for duty; Daśaratha’s grief-stricken incapacity is also highlighted.

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