Shloka 30

Dharma of the Renunciant: Alms Discipline, Meditation, and Expiations

Devanagari script

कुर्यात्कृच्छ्रातिकृच्छ्रं तु चांद्रायणमथापि वा । स्कंदेतेंद्रियदौर्बल्यात्स्त्रियं दृष्ट्वा यतिर्यदि

Transliteration

kuryātkṛcchrātikṛcchraṃ tu cāṃdrāyaṇamathāpi vā | skaṃdeteṃdriyadaurbalyātstriyaṃ dṛṣṭvā yatiryadi

Translation

इंद्रियदौर्बल्यामुळे स्त्रीला पाहून जर यतीकडून अनायासे स्खलन झाले, तर त्याने कृच्छ्रातिकृच्छ्र किंवा चांद्रायण व्रत असे प्रायश्चित्त करावे।

Word by Word

• kuryāt: should do; should perform
• kuryāt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्, optative), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• kṛcchra-atikṛcchram: the very severe (kṛcchra) penance
• kṛcchra-atikṛcchram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛcchra (प्रातिपदिक) + ati (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + kṛcchra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) with intensifier 'ati-' (अतिशय): 'very severe penance'

• tu: but; indeed
• tu: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), particle (निपात): emphasis/contrast

• cāndrāyaṇam: the Cāndrāyaṇa vow/penance
• cāndrāyaṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cāndrāyaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• atha: then; moreover
• atha: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), connective particle (निपात): 'then; moreover'

• api: also; even
• api: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), particle (निपात): 'also; even'

• vā: or
• vā: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), disjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक): 'or'

• skaṃdet: should fall; should slip (morally)
• skaṃdet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √skand (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्, optative), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• indriya-daurbalyāt: from weakness of the senses
• indriya-daurbalyāt: Hetu (हेतु) / Kāraṇa (कारण) expressed by Ablative
• Type: Noun
• Root: indriya (प्रातिपदिक) + daurbalya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) genitive relation: 'weakness of the senses'

• striyam: a woman
• striyam: Karma (कर्म) (object of 'dṛṣṭvā')
• Type: Noun
• Root: strī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √dṛś (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा) → dṛṣṭvā (कृदन्त अव्ययभाव)
• Form: Kṛdanta (कृदन्त), absolutive/gerund (क्त्वा), Avyaya usage: 'having seen'

• yatiḥ: an ascetic; renunciant
• yatiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• yadi: if
• yadi: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conditional particle (सम्बन्धबोधक): 'if'

Speaker

Not explicitly stated in the provided excerpt (context likely a dharma-instruction within the Svargakhaṇḍa narrative frame).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: kuryātkṛcchra-atikṛcchram = kuryāt + kṛcchra-atikṛcchram; cāṃdrāyaṇamathāpi = cāndrāyaṇam + atha + api; skaṃdeteṃdriyadaurbalyāt = skaṃdet + indriya-daurbalyāt; daurbalyātstriyam = daurbalyāt + striyam; yatiryadi = yatiḥ + yadi.

FAQs

What penances are prescribed in this verse?

It prescribes either Kṛcchrātikṛcchra (a very severe austerity) or Cāndrāyaṇa (a lunar-cycle-based fasting vow) as expiation.

What situation triggers the expiation described here?

An involuntary seminal emission by a renunciant caused by sensory weakness upon merely seeing a woman.

What ethical lesson does this verse emphasize?

It emphasizes vigilance over the senses for ascetics and the use of prescribed prāyaścitta (expiation) to restore discipline when lapses occur.