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Shloka 16

Kāśī-māhātmya: Avimukta Gaṅgā and the Pañcanada Tīrtha

गंगा च यमुना चैव पंच नद्यः प्रकीर्तिताः । अतः पञ्चनदं नाम तीर्थं त्रैलोक्यविश्रुतम् ॥ १६ ॥

gaṃgā ca yamunā caiva paṃca nadyaḥ prakīrtitāḥ | ataḥ pañcanadaṃ nāma tīrthaṃ trailokyaviśrutam || 16 ||

गंगा आणि यमुना ह्याही पाच नद्यांमध्ये कीर्तिल्या आहेत; म्हणून हे तीर्थ ‘पंचनद’ नावाने त्रैलोक्यात प्रसिद्ध आहे.

gaṅgāGanga
gaṅgā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṅgā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
yamunāYamuna
yamunā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyamunā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
evaindeed/just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
pañcafive
pañca:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpañca (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या)
Formसंख्यावाचक (numeral adjective), अव्ययवत्/अविकारी; नद्यः इति विशेष्यस्य संख्या (qualifies 'rivers')
nadyaḥrivers
nadyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnadī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
prakīrtitāḥare proclaimed/are celebrated
prakīrtitāḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया/statement of being proclaimed)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√kīrt (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formकृदन्त-भूतकर्मणि/कर्मणि प्रयोग (past passive participle), प्रथमा बहुवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग (agreeing with nadyaḥ)
ataḥtherefore/from this
ataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootataḥ (अव्यय)
Formहेतु/तस्मात्-अर्थे अव्यय (therefore/from this)
pañcanadam(the place called) Pañcanada
pañcanadam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpañca + nada (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); द्विगु-समास (numeral compound)
nāmaby name/called
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/naming marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनाम-शब्दः अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः (indeclinable usage meaning 'by name/called')
tīrthamsacred ford/pilgrimage place
tīrtham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottīrtha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
trailokyaviśrutamrenowned in the three worlds
trailokyaviśrutam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottri + loka + viśruta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (trailokye viśrutam = renowned in the three worlds), विशेषणम् (qualifies tīrtham)

Narada (as narrator/teacher within the Tirtha-Mahatmya discourse)

Vrata: none

Rasa: {"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"bhakti","emotional_journey":"Wonder at the famed confluence of sacred rivers, culminating in reverent recognition of Pañcanada as a tri-loka-renowned tīrtha."}

G
Ganga
Y
Yamuna
P
Panchanada Tirtha

FAQs

It identifies Pañcanada as a tīrtha whose sanctity arises from its association with revered rivers—especially Gaṅgā and Yamunā—making it a place where contact with sacred waters is understood to generate puṇya (spiritual merit).

While the verse is primarily a tīrtha-mahātmya statement, it supports bhakti practice indirectly by elevating pilgrimage and reverent bathing/remembering sacred rivers as devotional acts that purify the mind and prepare one for Viṣṇu-bhakti.

The practical takeaway is ritual geography and tīrtha-identification used in dharma practice—knowing which rivers and confluences are scripturally praised to guide snāna (bathing), dāna (charity), and vrata-related observances during pilgrimage.