Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 21

The Greatness of the Month of Māgha

Māgha-snāna, Harivāsara, and the Kāṣṭhīlā-Upākhyāna

वासांसि द्विजयुग्माय स सप्तान्नानि चार्पयेत् । त्रिंशच्च मोदका देयास्तिलान्नाः शर्करामयाः ॥ २१ ॥

vāsāṃsi dvijayugmāya sa saptānnāni cārpayet | triṃśacca modakā deyāstilānnāḥ śarkarāmayāḥ || 21 ||

तो दोन ब्राह्मणांना वस्त्रे अर्पण करील आणि सात प्रकारची पक्कान्नेही समर्पित करील. तसेच साखरेने बनवलेले तिळाचे मोदक तीस दान द्यावेत.

वासांसिgarments
वासांसि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवासस्/वासांसि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन
द्विज-युग्मायto a pair of Brahmins
द्विज-युग्माय:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक) + युग्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (द्विजानां युग्मम्)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
सप्त-अन्नानिseven kinds of food
सप्त-अन्नानि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसप्त (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन; द्विगु-समासः (सप्त अन्नानि)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
अर्पयेत्should offer/present
अर्पयेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअर्प् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
त्रिंशत्thirty
त्रिंशत्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रिंशत् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत् संख्या-शब्दः; अत्र ‘त्रिंशत्’ = 30 (indeclinable numeral in count)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
मोदकाःsweet balls (modakas)
मोदकाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमोदक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
देयाःto be given / should be given
देयाः:
Vidhi (विधेय/आज्ञा)
TypeAdjective
Rootदा (धातु) + य (कृत्-प्रत्यय; यत्/य-प्रत्यय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; विध्यर्थक कृदन्त (to be given)
तिल-अन्नाःsesame-food preparations
तिल-अन्नाः:
Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootतिल (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; समासः तत्पुरुषः (तिलयुक्तम् अन्नम्)
शर्करा-मयाःmade of sugar
शर्करा-मयाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशर्करा (प्रातिपदिक) + मय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; समासः तत्पुरुषः (शर्करामय = made of sugar)

Narada

Vrata: none (dāna-vidhi within Māgha observance context)

Rasa: {"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"bhakti","emotional_journey":"A steady, practical dharmic tone: enumerated gifts (garments, seven foods, modakas) build a sense of completeness and generosity in the observance."}

D
Dvija (Brahmana)

FAQs

This verse emphasizes dāna as applied dharma: honoring the twice-born with vastra-dāna (clothing) and anna-dāna (food) purifies the giver, supports sacred learning, and converts devotion into tangible service through prescribed offerings.

Bhakti is expressed here through respectful service—offering food and necessities to brāhmaṇas as representatives of sacred tradition. Such giving is a devotional act when done with reverence and purity of intention, aligning ritual action with heartfelt dedication.

It highlights Kalpa (ritual procedure): specific counts and items—garments, seven food preparations, and thirty modakas—reflect rule-based dāna-vidhi and the disciplined structure typical of Vedic ritual manuals.