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Shloka 20

Kāṣṭhīla-Upākhyāna: Rākṣasī, Spear-Śakti, and Kāśī as Śakti-kṣetra

कौमारं या पतिं हन्ति सा कथं मां न हिंसति । मत्तो रूपाधिकं मत्वा परं पुरुषलंपटा ॥ २० ॥

kaumāraṃ yā patiṃ hanti sā kathaṃ māṃ na hiṃsati | matto rūpādhikaṃ matvā paraṃ puruṣalaṃpaṭā || 20 ||

जी कौमार्यावस्थेतच पतीचा वध करू शकते, ती मला कशी इजा करणार नाही? माझ्यापेक्षा अधिक रूपवान दुसऱ्याला मानून, परपुरुषलंपट ती निर्लज्जा नक्कीच माझा द्रोह करील।

kaumāramin maidenhood
kaumāram:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootkaumāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म/अवधि-अर्थे), एकवचन; adverbial accusative ‘in maidenhood/while a maiden’
who
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; relative pronoun
patimhusband
patim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
hantikills
hanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roothan (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान/Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
she
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन
kathamhow
katham:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
māmme
mām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
hiṃsatiharms/kills
hiṃsati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roothiṃs (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान/Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
mattaḥthan me/from me
mattaḥ:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपञ्चमी (अपादान), एकवचन; ablative ‘than/from me’ (comparative standard)
rūpa-adhikammore beautiful (one)
rūpa-adhikam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootrūpa (प्रातिपदिक) + adhika (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; ‘superior in beauty’ (comparative sense)
matvāhaving considered
matvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootman (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive), ‘having thought/considered’
paramanother
param:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; object of (implied) seeking/choosing
puruṣa-laṃpaṭāa man-crazed (woman)
puruṣa-laṃpaṭā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + laṃpaṭā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; ‘lustful for men’

A male character in the narrative (husband/lover figure expressing suspicion and fear)

Vrata: none

Rasa: {"primary_rasa":"bhayanaka","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_journey":"Fear escalates into accusatory anger: the speaker reasons from a past act of violence to imminent threat, then condemns the woman’s lust and betrayal."}

FAQs

It highlights the dharmic warning that uncontrolled desire and betrayal (parapuruṣa-lampaṭatā) lead to violence, fear, and the collapse of trust—showing how adharma destroys household harmony.

Indirectly, it contrasts worldly obsession and suspicion with the steadiness required for bhakti—devotion thrives on self-control and fidelity to dharma, whereas lust and deceit scatter the mind.

Primarily nīti and dharma instruction rather than a Vedanga technical lesson; the verse functions as ethical guidance on conduct (ācāra) and the social consequences of adharma.