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Shloka 23

Kārtika-Māhātmya

The Greatness of Kārtika

कार्तिकः प्रवरो मासो विष्णोश्चापि प्रियः सदा । अव्रतो हि क्षिपेद्यस्तु मासं दामोदरप्रियम् ॥ २३ ॥

kārtikaḥ pravaro māso viṣṇoścāpi priyaḥ sadā | avrato hi kṣipedyastu māsaṃ dāmodarapriyam || 23 ||

कार्तिक मास श्रेष्ठ असून तो विष्णूंना सदैव प्रिय आहे। दामोदरप्रिय हा मास जो व्रताविना घालवतो, तो तो मास व्यर्थच घालवतो।

kārtikaḥKārtika (month)
kārtikaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkārtika (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Nominative singular)
pravaraḥexcellent; best
pravaraḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpravara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Nominative singular)
māsaḥmonth
māsaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Nominative singular)
viṣṇoḥof Viṣṇu
viṣṇoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Genitive singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
apialso; even
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अपि (also/even)
priyaḥdear; beloved
priyaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpriya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Nominative singular)
sadāalways
sadā:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)
avrataḥone without observance (non-votary)
avrataḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Roota-vrata (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Nominative singular); नञ्-समास/उपसर्ग-निषेध (one without vow/observance)
hiindeed; for
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थक (indeed/for)
kṣipetwould cast away; should waste/throw away
kṣipet:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṣip (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative/optative sense in injunctional style), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन (3rd person singular: ‘should cast/throw away’)
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/relative subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Relative pronoun, nominative singular)
tubut; indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अवधान/विरोधार्थक (but/indeed)
māsamthe month
māsam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootmāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Accusative singular)
dāmodara-priyamdear to Dāmodara (Vishnu)
dāmodara-priyam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdāmodara (प्रातिपदिक) + priya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘dear to Dāmodara’), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Accusative singular; qualifying ‘māsam’)

Narada (teaching within the Kārtika-māhātmya context of Uttara-bhāga)

Vrata: Kārtika-vrata (Dāmodara-māsa observance)

Rasa: {"primary_rasa":"bhakti","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_journey":"Exaltation of sacred time (Kārtika) as Viṣṇu’s dearest month, followed by a gentle but firm admonition: neglecting vows in this month is spiritual loss."}

V
Vishnu
D
Damodara

FAQs

It declares Kārtika as the श्रेष्ठ (foremost) month for Viṣṇu-bhakti and warns that neglecting Kārtika-vrata means losing a uniquely sacred opportunity for merit and devotion.

Bhakti here is expressed through time-bound devotion: honoring what is dear to Viṣṇu—especially the Dāmodara-priya Kārtika month—by taking vrata/niyama and engaging in dedicated worship rather than letting the month pass casually.

It emphasizes ritual discipline and calendrical observance (kāla-niyama): recognizing Kārtika as a sacred period and applying vrata-practice accordingly—an applied dharma framework rather than a technical śikṣā/vyākaraṇa discussion.