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Shloka 12

Tithi-vicara

Determination of Tithi for Fasts, Parana, and Pitri Rites

दर्शश्च पौर्णमासश्च पितुः सांवत्सरं दिनम् । पूर्वविद्धानिमांस्त्यक्त्वा नरकं प्रतिपद्यते ॥ १२ ॥

darśaśca paurṇamāsaśca pituḥ sāṃvatsaraṃ dinam | pūrvaviddhānimāṃstyaktvā narakaṃ pratipadyate || 12 ||

जो दर्श, पौर्णमास आणि पित्याचा वार्षिक श्राद्ध—हे प्राचीनविहित विधी सोडतो, तो नरकास प्राप्त होतो.

दर्शःnew-moon day (darśa)
दर्शः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदर्श (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; अमावास्या (new-moon day)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय (conjunction)
पौर्णमासःfull-moon day (paurṇamāsa)
पौर्णमासः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपौर्णमास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; पूर्णिमा (full-moon day)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय (conjunction)
पितुःof the father/ancestor
पितुः:
Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन
सांवत्सरम्annual
सांवत्सरम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसांवत्सर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; ‘annual’ (qualifying दिनम्)
दिनम्day
दिनम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदिन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन
पूर्व-विद्धान्the earlier-occurring ones
पूर्व-विद्धान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + विद्ध (कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; ‘earlier-occurring’ (objects of त्यक्त्वा)
इमान्these
इमान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned/omitted
त्यक्त्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√त्यज् (धातु) ; त्यक्त्वा (कृदन्त)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund), ‘having abandoned’
नरकम्hell
नरकम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootनरक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
प्रतिपद्यतेattains/goes to
प्रतिपद्यते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√पद् (धातु) + प्रति (उपसर्ग)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Narada

Vrata: Darśa (Amāvāsyā observance); Paurṇamāsa (Pūrṇimā observance); annual pitṛ-dina/Śrāddha

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: shanta

P
Pitṛ (ancestors/father)

FAQs

It stresses Pitṛ-dharma: honoring one’s father/ancestors through prescribed lunar and annual rites is treated as a serious moral obligation; neglect is said to generate heavy demerit leading to suffering (naraka).

While not directly describing bhakti practices, it frames ritual duty as part of dharma that supports a sattvic life; in the Purāṇic worldview, devotion is strengthened when one does not violate foundational obligations like Pitṛ-kārya.

It points to calendrical/ritual timing—Darśa (Amāvasyā) and Paurṇamāsa (Pūrṇimā)—which relies on Jyotiṣa (Vedāṅga astronomy/astrology) for correct tithi determination and on Kalpa for rite procedure.