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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 22

गङ्गामाहात्म्य — The Greatness of the Gaṅgā

धर्महीनो यथा जन्तुः कर्महीनो यथा गृही । पशुहीनो यथा वैश्यस्तथा पित्रा विनार्भकः ॥ २२ ॥

dharmahīno yathā jantuḥ karmahīno yathā gṛhī | paśuhīno yathā vaiśyastathā pitrā vinārbhakaḥ || 22 ||

जसा धर्महीन प्राणी निरर्थक, जसा कर्महीन गृहस्थ पोकळ, आणि जसा पशुहीन वैश्य उपजीविकाहीन—तसा पिता नसलेला बालक वंचित होतो।

धर्महीनःdevoid of dharma
धर्महीनः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्म-हीन (प्रातिपदिक; धर्म + हीन)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (धर्मस्य हीनः)
यथाas, like
यथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमानवाचक-अव्यय (comparative particle: 'as/like')
जन्तुःa creature
जन्तुः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootजन्तु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
कर्महीनःdevoid of work/ritual action
कर्महीनः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्म-हीन (प्रातिपदिक; कर्म + हीन)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (कर्मणः/कर्मस्य हीनः)
यथाas, like
यथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमानवाचक-अव्यय
गृहीa householder
गृही:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootगृहिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (गृहिन्-शब्दः)
पशुहीनःwithout cattle
पशुहीनः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootपशु-हीन (प्रातिपदिक; पशु + हीन)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पशोः/पशूनां हीनः)
यथाas, like
यथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमानवाचक-अव्यय
वैश्यःa vaiśya (merchant/farmer)
वैश्यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
तथाso, likewise
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Correlative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formतुल्यतावाचक-अव्यय (correlative: 'so/thus')
पित्राby/with the father (instrumental used with vinā: 'without the father')
पित्रा:
Apadana (अपादान/Separation; 'without')
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
विनाwithout
विना:
Apadana (अपादान/Separation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविना (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध/वियोगवाचक-अव्यय (preposition: 'without')
अर्भकःa child
अर्भकः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्भक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

D
Dharma
G
Grihastha
V
Vaishya
P
Pitri

FAQs

It stresses that dharma and ordained duty (karma) are not optional: without them, life becomes spiritually barren; similarly, the father is presented as a crucial support for a child’s stability, education, and dharmic formation.

By establishing dharma and right conduct as the ground on which higher practices stand; disciplined household duty and ethical order support steadiness of mind, which in the Narada Purana framework becomes conducive to sustained Vishnu-bhakti.

The verse points to karma (prescribed rites and duties) central to Kalpa (ritual procedure) and Dharmaśāstra-style conduct; it implies that a gṛhastha must follow regulated observances rather than living without dharmic structure.