Adhyaya 49 — Primordial Human Creation, the Rise of Desire, and the Origins of Settlements, Measures, and Agriculture
क्वचित् क्वचित् पुनः साभूत् क्षितिर्भाग्येन सर्वशः ।
कालेन गच्छता नाशमुपयान्ति यथा प्रजाः ॥
kvacit kvacit punaḥ sābhūt kṣitirbhāgyena sarvaśaḥ /
kālena gacchatā nāśamupayānti yathā prajāḥ
कधी कधी पुन्हा पृथ्वी सौभाग्याने पूर्णतः समृद्ध होत असे; पण काळ पुढे सरकताच ते नाश पावत—जसे सर्व प्राणी पावतात.
Prosperity is intermittent and not fully controllable (bhāgya), while decline is inevitable under Kāla. The ethical implication is non-attachment and dharmic use of prosperity when it appears.
Pratisarga/Manvantara: cyclical world-conditions and the role of Kāla in dissolution at the level of societies and epochs.
Kāla is presented as the great equalizer: even ‘earthly’ stability is subject to dissolution, mirroring the yogic contemplation of anitya (impermanence).