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Shloka 7

Adhyaya 28Alarka Inquires into Varna and Ashrama Dharma; Madalasa Defines the Fourfold Duties

दानं यज्ञोऽथ शुश्रूषा द्विजातीनां त्रिधा मया ।

व्याख्यातः शूद्रधर्मोऽपि जीविका कारुकर्म च ॥

dānaṃ yajño 'tha śuśrūṣā dvijātīnāṃ tridhā mayā | vyākhyātaḥ śūdradharmo 'pi jīvikā kārukarma ca ||

दान, यज्ञ आणि द्विजसेवा—ही तीन मी सांगितली; शूद्राचाही धर्म असा म्हटला आहे, आणि त्याची उपजीविका शिल्पकर्म व श्रमकर्माने होते.

dānamgiving
dānam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
yajñaḥsacrifice
yajñaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyajña (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
athaand then; also
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormParticle/conjunctive indeclinable (अनन्तरार्थक/समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय)
śuśrūṣāservice; attendance
śuśrūṣā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśuśrūṣā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
dvijātīnāmof the twice-born (classes)
dvijātīnām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootdvijāti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
tridhāin three ways
tridhā:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottridhā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)
mayāby me
mayā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
vyākhyātaḥexplained; expounded
vyākhyātaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi+ā+khyā (धातु) → vyākhyāta (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/PPP), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); predicative ‘has been explained’
śūdra-dharmaḥShudra-dharma; duty of the Shudra
śūdra-dharmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśūdra (प्रातिपदिक) + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘duty of the Shudra’
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात)
jīvikālivelihood
jīvikā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjīvikā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
kāru-karmacraft-work; artisan labor
kāru-karma:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkāru (प्रातिपदिक) + karma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘work of an artisan’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय)
Not specified in the provided excerpt (Ācāra instruction within Markandeya Purāṇa’s discourse context)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaVarṇadharmaService (śuśrūṣā)Livelihood (craft)

FAQs

The verse frames dignity of work through dharma: service and skilled labor are treated as legitimate life-paths when done with right intention and social responsibility, alongside the universal virtues of giving and participation in sacred order.

Ācāra/Dharma instruction (ancillary to the five lakṣaṇas), functioning as a prescriptive ethical layer within the Purāṇa.

‘Service’ signifies the purification of ego through duty; craftsmanship (kāru) symbolizes shaping the outer world while inwardly cultivating discipline and humility.