Brahma Purana — Krishna Subdues Kaliya and Purifies the Yamuna, Shloka 14
Devanagari script
आस्फोटयाम् आस तदा कृष्णो नागह्रदं भुजैः तच्छब्दश्रवणाच् चाथ नागराजो ऽभ्युपागमत् //
Translation
चौदाव्या श्लोकात—हे निर्मळ आख्यान पुराणोक्त व सनातन आहे; जो याचे पठण करतो तो परम शांती प्राप्त करतो।
Word by Word
āsphoṭayām(he) slapped/struck repeatedly
āsphoṭayām:
Kriya (क्रिया; with āsa as auxiliary)
TypeVerb
Rootā+sphoṭ (धातु)
FormDesiderative/Intensive? here: periphrastic construction with ‘āsa’; form is 1st Person? Actually used as verbal noun/infinitival in periphrastic perfect: ‘āsphoṭayām āsa’ = ‘kept slapping/striking’; treat as periphrastic perfect base (नामधातु/कृदन्त-आमन्त)
āsadid/was (auxiliary)
āsa:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद); auxiliary with preceding action-form
tadāthen
tadā:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable adverb (अव्यय-कालवाचक)
kṛṣṇaḥKṛṣṇa
kṛṣṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
nāga-hradamthe serpent-lake
nāga-hradam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootnāga+hrada (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष ‘serpent-lake’
bhujaiḥwith (his) arms
bhujaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootbhuja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural (बहुवचन)
tat-śabda-śravaṇātfrom hearing that sound
tat-śabda-śravaṇāt:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeNoun
Roottad+śabda+śravaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष ‘from hearing that sound’
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable conjunction (अव्यय)
athathen
atha:
Kriya-anukrama (क्रियानुक्रम/sequence marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable particle/adverb (अव्यय) indicating sequence
nāgarājaḥthe serpent-king
nāgarājaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootnāga+rāja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष ‘king of serpents’
abhyupāgamatapproached/came near
abhyupāgamat:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi+upa+gam (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
Speaker
Narrator voice (Vyāsa’s narration continues through the episode); no direct speech in this verse