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Shloka 49

Nārada’s Instructions: Śrāddha, True Dharma, Contentment, Yoga, and Devotion-Centered Renunciation

¨ हिंस्रं द्रव्यमयं काम्यमग्निहोत्राद्यशान्तिदम् । दर्शश्च पूर्णमासश्च चातुर्मास्यं पशु: सुत: ॥ ४८ ॥ एतदिष्टं प्रवृत्ताख्यं हुतं प्रहुतमेव च । पूर्तं सुरालयारामकूपाजीव्यादिलक्षणम् ॥ ४९ ॥

hiṁsraṁ dravyamayaṁ kāmyam agni-hotrādy-aśāntidam darśaś ca pūrṇamāsaś ca cāturmāsyaṁ paśuḥ sutaḥ

अग्निहोत्र, दर्श, पूर्णमास, चातुर्मास्य, पशु व सोमयज्ञ असे कर्मकांडी यज्ञ पशुहिंसा व अन्नधान्यादि मौल्यवान द्रव्यांच्या दाहाने युक्त असतात; ते शांती देत नाहीत, तर भौतिक कामना व चिंता वाढवितात। वैश्वदेव-पूजा, बलिहरण तसेच देवालये, धर्मशाळा, उद्याने, विहिरी, अन्नवाटप व लोकहितकार्य—इष्ट-पूर्त म्हणविले तरी—मुळात भोगासक्तीचीच लक्षणे आहेत।

hiṁsramviolent, involving harm
hiṁsram:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothiṁsra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन); adjective used predicatively
dravyamayammaterial-based
dravyamayam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdravya (प्रातिपदिक) + maya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: dravyena mayaḥ = made of substances/materials
kāmyamperformed for desired ends
kāmyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkāmya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; desiderative/for desired results
agnihotra-ādi-aśāntidamgiving unrest (through rites like agnihotra etc.)
agnihotra-ādi-aśāntidam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootagnihotra (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + aśānti (प्रातिपदिक) + da (दा/धातु) → -dam (कृदन्त)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: agnihotrādiṣu aśāntiṁ dadāti iti; -dam = present participial/agentive derivative used adjectivally
darśaḥnew-moon sacrifice (darśa)
darśaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) / Uddeśya (उद्देश्य)
TypeNoun
Rootdarśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā, Ekavacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात) conjunction
pūrṇamāsaḥfull-moon sacrifice (pūrṇamāsa)
pūrṇamāsaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) / Uddeśya (उद्देश्य)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrṇamāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta conjunction
cāturmāsyamfour-monthly sacrifice (cāturmāsya)
cāturmāsyam:
Karta (कर्ता) / Uddeśya (उद्देश्य)
TypeNoun
Rootcāturmāsya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana
paśuḥanimal sacrifice/oblation (paśu)
paśuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) / Uddeśya (उद्देश्य)
TypeNoun
Rootpaśu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
sutaḥsoma-pressing/rite called suta (pressed)
sutaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) / Uddeśya (उद्देश्य)
TypeNoun
Rootsuta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
etatthis
etat:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; demonstrative pronoun used adjectivally
iṣṭam(ritual) sacrifice/oblation (iṣṭa)
iṣṭam:
Karta (कर्ता) / Uddeśya (उद्देश्य)
TypeNoun
Rootiṣṭa (यज्/धातु, क्त-कृदन्त)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; kta-participle used substantively = iṣṭi/desired sacrifice
pravṛtta-ākhyamknown as ‘pravṛtta’
pravṛtta-ākhyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpravṛtta (वृत्/धातु, क्त-कृदन्त) + ākhyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: pravṛttam nāma yasya = called ‘pravṛtta’
hutamoffering poured into fire (huta)
hutam:
Karta (कर्ता) / Uddeśya (उद्देश्य)
TypeNoun
Roothuta (हु/धातु, क्त-कृदन्त)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; kta used substantively
prahutamoffering made with ‘pra-’ rite (prahuta)
prahutam:
Karta (कर्ता) / Uddeśya (उद्देश्य)
TypeNoun
Rootprahuta (हु/धातु, प्र+क्त-कृदन्त)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; kta used substantively
evaindeed/only
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormAvadhāraṇa-nipāta (अवधारण-निपात) emphatic particle
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta conjunction
pūrtampious public works (pūrta)
pūrtam:
Karta (कर्ता) / Uddeśya (उद्देश्य)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; charitable works category
surālaya-ārāma-kūpa-ājīvya-ādi-lakṣaṇamcharacterized by temples, gardens, wells, etc.
surālaya-ārāma-kūpa-ājīvya-ādi-lakṣaṇam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsurālaya (प्रातिपदिक) + ārāma (प्रातिपदिक) + kūpa (प्रातिपदिक) + ājīvya (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + lakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: surālayādi-lakṣaṇam = characterized by (building) temples, gardens, wells, livelihood-support etc.
P
Prahlāda Mahārāja

FAQs

In this verse, Prahlāda explains that rituals performed for material gain—though Vedic—remain desire-driven and cannot grant true peace of heart.

He is not rejecting Vedic authority; he is pointing out that when such rites are pursued for results and involve harm, they keep one bound to unrest rather than leading to devotion and liberation.

Prioritize inner transformation—truthfulness, compassion, and devotion—over external religiosity performed mainly for status, gain, or enjoyment.