Verse 12

Yogatattva

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

कामक्रोधभयं चापि मोहलोभमदो रजः । जन्ममृत्युश्च कार्पण्यं शोकस्तन्द्रा क्षुधा तृषा ॥

तृष्णा लज्जा भयं दुःखं विषादो हर्ष एव च ।

एभिर्दोषैर्विनिर्मुक्तः स जीवः केवलो मतः ॥१२-१३॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

काम । क्रोध । भयम् । च । अपि । मोह । लोभ । मदः । रजः । जन्म । मृत्युः । च । कार्पण्यम् । शोकः । तन्द्रा । क्षुधा । तृषा ॥

तृष्णा । लज्जा । भयम् । दुःखम् । विषादः । हर्षः । एव । च ॥

एभिः । दोषैः । विनिर्मुक्तः । सः । जीवः । केवलः । मतः ॥

IAST Transliteration

kāmakrodhabhayaṃ cāpi mohalobhamado rajaḥ | janmamṛtyuś ca kārpaṇyaṃ śokas tandrā kṣudhā tṛṣā ||

tṛṣṇā lajjā bhayaṃ duḥkhaṃ viṣādo harṣa eva ca |

ebhir doṣair vinirmuktaḥ sa jīvaḥ kevalo mataḥ ||12–13||

Translation

കാമം, ക്രോധം, ഭയം; മോഹം, ലോഭം, മദം, രജസ്; ജനനം-മരണം, കാർപണ്യം; ശോകം, തന്ദ്ര, ക്ഷുധ, തൃഷ്ണ; ആസക്തി, ലജ്ജ, ഭയം, ദുഃഖം, വിഷാദം, ഹർഷം—ഇവ ദോഷങ്ങളിൽ നിന്നു പൂർണ്ണമായി വിമുക്തനായ ജീവൻ ‘കേവലൻ’ (ശുദ്ധ/ഏകൻ) എന്നു കരുതപ്പെടുന്നു.

Academic Translation

Desire, anger, and also fear; delusion, greed, intoxication, passion (rajas); birth and death; wretchedness; grief, drowsiness, hunger, thirst; craving, shame, fear, suffering, dejection, and joy as well—freed from these faults, that jīva is considered ‘alone/pure’ (kevala).

Verse Context

• Vairāgya and purification: freedom from doṣas/kleśas leading to kevala (aloneness)
• Mahavakya: Supports mahāvākya realization by prescribing removal of upādhis/afflictions that obscure identity with Brahman (e.g., “prajnānam brahma” as pure consciousness beyond emotional oscillations).
• Krishna Yajurveda
• Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (śloka)