Verse 35

Avadhuta

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अहो ज्ञानमहो ज्ञानमहो सुखमहो सुखम् ।

अहो शास्त्रमहो शास्त्रमहो गुरुरहो गुरुः ॥३५॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

अहो ज्ञानम् । अहो ज्ञानम् । अहो सुखम् । अहो सुखम् ।

अहो शास्त्रम् । अहो शास्त्रम् । अहो गुरुः । अहो गुरुः ॥३५॥

IAST Transliteration

aho jñānam aho jñānam aho sukham aho sukham |

aho śāstram aho śāstram aho gurur aho guruḥ ||35||

Translation

അഹോ ജ്ഞാനം, അഹോ ജ്ഞാനം; അഹോ സുഖം, അഹോ സുഖം; അഹോ ശാസ്ത്രം, അഹോ ശാസ്ത്രം; അഹോ ഗുരു, അഹോ ഗുരു!

Academic Translation

Ah, knowledge! Ah, knowledge! Ah, happiness! Ah, happiness! Ah, scripture! Ah, scripture! Ah, the guru! Ah, the guru!

Verse Context

• Jñāna as the means (sādhana) and ānanda as the nature (svarūpa) of Ātman; Guru-Śāstra-upadeśa
• Mahavakya: Affirms the pramāṇa of mahāvākyas: Śāstra and Guru are praised as the means by which “तत् त्वम् असि / अहं ब्रह्मास्मि” is understood and owned as direct knowledge.
• Atharva
• Chandas: Prose/Upaniṣadic mixed meter (not strictly determinable)