Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 132

Devanagari script

ईश्वर उवाच । तं शप्तुमुद्यतं दृष्ट्वा छायासंज्ञा दिनाधिपम् । भयेन कंपती देवी यथावृत्तं महासती

Transliteration

īśvara uvāca | taṃ śaptumudyataṃ dṛṣṭvā chāyāsaṃjñā dinādhipam | bhayena kaṃpatī devī yathāvṛttaṃ mahāsatī

Translation

ഈശ്വരൻ അരുളിച്ചെയ്തു—ദിനാധിപൻ ശപിക്കുവാൻ ഉദ്യതനായിരിക്കുന്നതു കണ്ടപ്പോൾ ഛായാ-സഞ്ജ്ഞാ ദേവി ഭയത്തോടെ വിറച്ചു; ആ മഹാസതി സംഭവിച്ചതെല്ലാം പറയാൻ ഒരുങ്ങി.

Word by Word

• ईश्वरः: Īśvara
• ईश्वरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• शप्तुम्: to curse
• शप्तुम्: Prayojana (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शप् (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), क्रियार्थक

• उद्यतम्: ready/raised (to act)
• उद्यतम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्+यत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) < यत् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participial adjective), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive/gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया

• छायासंज्ञा: Chāyā-Saṃjñā (Chāyā, named Saṃjñā)
• छायासंज्ञा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: छाया (प्रातिपदिक) + संज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (छाया एव संज्ञा)

• दिनाधिपम्: lord of the day (Sun)
• दिनाधिपम्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक) + अधिप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (दिनस्य अधिपः)

• भयेन: from fear/with fear
• भयेन: Hetu/Karana (Cause/Instrument/हेतु/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• कंपती: trembles
• कंपती: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कम्प् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• देवी: the goddess/lady
• देवी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• यथावृत्तम्: as it happened/according to what occurred
• यथावृत्तम्: Manner/Adverbial (रीति/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + वृत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (indeclinable adverbial)

• महासती: the great virtuous woman
• महासती: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + सती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (महती सती)

Speaker

Īśvara (narrator)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Audience within the māhātmya frame

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Sūrya, blazing and authoritative, lifts his hand in a gesture of impending curse; before him Chāyā-Saṃjñā trembles, her posture folded inward, ready to narrate the hidden events.

Characters & Entities

• Īśvara
• Sūrya (dinādhipa)
• Chāyā
• Saṃjñā

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

When faced with the consequences of wrongdoing, truth is eventually brought forth; confession restores dharmic order.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Prabhāsakṣetra is the overarching māhātmya setting.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None.