Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 59

Devanagari script

आदित्यः सविता सूर्यो मिहिरोऽर्कः प्रतापनः । मार्त्तंडो भास्करो भानुश्चित्रभानुर्द्दिवाकरः

Transliteration

ādityaḥ savitā sūryo mihiro'rkaḥ pratāpanaḥ | mārttaṃḍo bhāskaro bhānuścitrabhānurddivākaraḥ

Translation

ആദിത്യൻ, സവിതൃ, സൂര്യൻ, മിഹിരൻ, അർക്കൻ, പ്രതാപനൻ, മാർത്താണ്ഡൻ, ഭാസ്കരൻ, ഭാനു, ചിത്രഭാനു, ദിവാകരൻ—ഇവ സൂര്യദേവന്റെ പ്രസിദ്ധ നാമങ്ങളാണ്।

Word by Word

• आदित्यः: Āditya (Sun)
• आदित्यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सविता: Savitṛ
• सविता: Karta (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सूर्यः: Sūrya
• सूर्यः: Karta (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मिहिरः: Mihira
• मिहिरः: Karta (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मिहिर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अर्कः: Arka
• अर्कः: Karta (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्क (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• प्रतापनः: Pratāpana
• प्रतापनः: Karta (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतापन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मार्त्तण्डः: Mārtaṇḍa
• मार्त्तण्डः: Karta (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्त्तण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• भास्करः: Bhāskara
• भास्करः: Karta (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भास्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• भानुः: Bhānu
• भानुः: Karta (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भानु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• चित्र-भानुः: Citrabhānu
• चित्र-भानुः: Karta (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्र (प्रातिपदिक) + भानु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय: ‘चित्रः भानुः’ (the splendid/variegated radiance); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• दिवा-करः: Divākara (maker of day)
• दिवा-करः: Karta (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिवा (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (उपपद): ‘दिवां करोति’/‘दिवायाः करः’ (maker of day); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

Skanda (deduced)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Not specified

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A radiant solar deity with a lotus and rays, while a devotee chants the sequence of names; each name appears as a small glyph/scroll in the air, forming a garland around the sun-disc.

Characters & Entities

• Āditya
• Savitṛ
• Sūrya
• Mihira
• Arka
• Pratāpana
• Mārtaṇḍa
• Bhāskara
• Bhānu
• Citrabhānu
• Divākara

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

The many epithets of Sūrya teach devotees to contemplate the Sun as a single divinity manifesting diverse cosmic functions—light, time, heat, and order.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The instruction is situated within Prabhāsa-kṣetra māhātmya, aligning Sūrya’s praise with the sanctity of the Prabhāsa sacred landscape.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Implicitly supports Sūrya-nāma-japa and stotra recitation; no explicit vrata, dāna, or snāna is stated in this verse.