Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 94

Devanagari script

इंगुदैर्बदरैर्वापि बिल्वैर्भल्लातकैरपि । पितॄनुद्दिश्य यः श्राद्धं करिष्यति समाहितः

Transliteration

iṃgudairbadarairvāpi bilvairbhallātakairapi | pitṝnuddiśya yaḥ śrāddhaṃ kariṣyati samāhitaḥ

Translation

ഏകാഗ്രചിത്തത്തോടെ പിതൃന്മാരെ ഉദ്ദേശിച്ച് ഇംഗുദ, ബദരി, ബിൽവ അല്ലെങ്കിൽ ഭല്ലാതക ഫലങ്ങളാൽ ശ്രാദ്ധം ചെയ്യുന്നവൻ യഥോചിത പുണ്യഫലം പ്രാപിക്കും.

Word by Word

• इंगुदैः: with iṅguda fruits (jujube/marking-nut tree fruit)
• इंगुदैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इंगुद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental (3rd), Plural

• बदरैः: with jujubes (badara fruits)
• बदरैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बदर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन — Neuter, Instrumental (3rd), Plural

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction/particle of alternative)

• अपि: also/even
• अपि: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अप्यर्थक-अव्यय (particle: also/even)

• बिल्वैः: with bilva fruits
• बिल्वैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बिल्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन — Neuter, Instrumental (3rd), Plural

• भल्लातकैः: with bhallātaka (marking-nut) fruits
• भल्लातकैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भल्लातक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental (3rd), Plural

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अप्यर्थक-अव्यय (particle: also/even)

• पितॄन्: the ancestors (pitṛs)
• पितॄन्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), बहुवचन — Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Plural

• उद्दिश्य: having intended/addressed (them)
• उद्दिश्य: Kriya-viseshana (Adverbial to action)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उद् + दिश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund), ‘उद्दिश्य’ — having addressed/aimed at, in reference to

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular (relative pronoun)

• श्राद्धम्: śrāddha rite
• श्राद्धम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन — Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular

• करिष्यति: will perform
• करिष्यति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (भविष्यत्काल/Future), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — Simple Future, Active, 3rd person, Singular

• समाहितः: composed, attentive
• समाहितः: Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + आ + धा (धातु) → समाहित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Past participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘composed/collected (in mind)’

Speaker

Indra

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A pilgrim with a calm, focused face performs śrāddha under a sacred tree near a tīrtha, arranging iṅguda, badara, bilva fruits and bhallātaka as offerings, with brāhmaṇas seated to receive honor.

Characters & Entities

• Indra
• Pitṛs
• Śrāddha
• Iṅguda
• Badara
• Bilva
• Bhallātaka

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Sincere, focused ancestral offerings are valid even with locally available fruits; devotion and intention sustain the rite.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The sages’ āśrama-tīrtha in Nāgara Khaṇḍa where Śrāddha for Pitṛs is especially efficacious.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Perform Pitṛ-Śrāddha with a composed mind, using offerings such as iṅguda, badara, bilva, or bhallātaka fruits.