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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 20

Devanagari script

समानजातिसंभूता पत्नी यस्य धृता भवेत् । पूर्वो भर्त्ताऽर्द्धभागी स्याद्द्वितीयस्य न किंचन

Transliteration

samānajātisaṃbhūtā patnī yasya dhṛtā bhavet | pūrvo bharttā'rddhabhāgī syāddvitīyasya na kiṃcana

Translation

ഒരു പുരുഷന്‍ തനിക്കേത് ജാതിയില്‍ ജനിച്ച സ്ത്രീയെ ഭാര്യയായി സ്വീകരിച്ചാല്‍, ധര്‍മ്മഫലാധികാരത്തില്‍ മുന്‍ ഭര്‍ത്താവ് അര്‍ദ്ധഭാഗി ആകുന്നു; രണ്ടാം ഭര്‍ത്താവിന് ഒന്നുമില്ല.

Word by Word
समानजातिसंभूताborn of the same caste
समानजातिसंभूता:
Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमान-जाति-संभूत (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन — क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (संभूत = सम्+भू+क्त): ‘born of the same caste’; समासः समान+जाति (कर्मधारय) + संभूत (तत्पुरुष)
पत्नीwife
पत्नी:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपत्नी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन — ‘wife’
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (6th/Genitive); एकवचन — ‘of whom/whose’
धृताaccepted/kept
धृता:
Karta (Predicate of subject/कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootधृ (धातु) → धृत (कृदन्त; क्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन — क्त-प्रत्ययान्त: ‘held/accepted (as wife)’ (predicate/qualifier of पत्नी)
भवेत्should be
भवेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); एकवचन — ‘should be/would be’
पूर्वःthe former/first
पूर्वः:
Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन — ‘former/first’ (qualifying भर्ता)
भर्ताhusband
भर्ता:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन — ‘husband’
अर्द्धभागीentitled to half (share)
अर्द्धभागी:
Karta (Predicate of subject/कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्द्ध-भागिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन — ‘half-share-holder’; समासः अर्द्ध+भागिन् (तत्पुरुष)
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); एकवचन — ‘should be’
द्वितीयस्यof the second
द्वितीयस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वितीय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (6th/Genitive); एकवचन — ‘of the second (husband)’
नnot
न:
Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
किंचनanything (at all)
किंचन:
Karman (Predicate object/कर्म-भाव)
TypeNoun
Rootकिंचन (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd); एकवचन — ‘anything at all’ (here: predicate nominative/accusative sense ‘nothing’)
Speaker

Skanda (deduced: Nāgarakhaṇḍa Tīrthamāhātmya narrative voice)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: dvija (addressed)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A didactic scene: a learned brāhmaṇa instructs householders on marriage norms; two symbolic male figures represent ‘former’ and ‘later’ husband, with a balance-scale motif indicating ‘half-share’ vs ‘none’.

FAQs

Household relationships are treated as dharmic partnerships where prior bonds can affect the distribution of merit and entitlement.

This verse is within a Tīrthamāhātmya chapter of the Nāgarakhaṇḍa, but no specific tīrtha name appears in this single śloka.

No specific rite (snāna, dāna, japa) is prescribed here; it states a rule about entitlement/share connected to marital dharma.

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