Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 49

Devanagari script

यदि प्रातस्तवायं च भर्त्ता जीवति निष्ठुरे । येन मे जनिता पीडा प्राणांतकरणी दृढा

Transliteration

yadi prātastavāyaṃ ca bharttā jīvati niṣṭhure | yena me janitā pīḍā prāṇāṃtakaraṇī dṛḍhā

Translation

ഹേ നിഷ്ഠുരേ, പ്രഭാതം വരെയും നിന്റെ ഭർത്താവ് ജീവിച്ചിരിക്കുകയാണെങ്കിൽ—എനിക്ക് പ്രാണാന്തകരമായ ദൃഢവേദന വരുത്തിയവൻ അവനാണ്—

Word by Word

• yadi: if
• yadi: Sambandha (Condition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तार्थक अव्यय (conditional particle)

• prātaḥ: in the morning
• prātaḥ: Adhikaraṇa (Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prātaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)

• tava: your
• tava: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ayam: this (man)
• ayam: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• bhartā: husband
• bhartā: Karta (Subject—apposition to ayam)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• jīvati: lives
• jīvati: Kriyā (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jīv (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• niṣṭhure: O cruel one
• niṣṭhure: Sambodhana (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niṣṭhura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन; संबोधन

• yena: by which; whereby
• yena: Karaṇa/Hetu (Instrument/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्ध/हेतौ ‘by which/whereby’

• me: my / of me
• me: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी/चतुर्थी-रूप (enclitic), एकवचन; अत्र षष्ठी (of me)

• janitā: produced, caused
• janitā: Kriyā (Participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: janita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √jan + क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘produced’ (pīḍā इति)

• pīḍā: pain, torment
• pīḍā: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pīḍā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• prāṇa-anta-karaṇī: life-ending
• prāṇa-anta-karaṇī: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prāṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + anta (प्रातिपदिक) + karaṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (प्राणानाम् अन्तं करोति इति) विशेषण (pīḍā)

• dṛḍhā: severe, firm
• dṛḍhā: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dṛḍha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (pīḍā)

Speaker

Māṇḍavya (contextual continuation)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Ṛṣis (frame assumed)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A charged moment: the speaker recalls life-ending torment and sets a condition tied to dawn; the air feels like a curse about to be pronounced.

Characters & Entities

• Māṇḍavya
• Dīrghikā (implied addressee)
• Dīrghikā’s husband (unnamed)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Harm done to others can rebound through dharmic consequence; the Purāṇic narrative warns against cruelty and causing life-threatening suffering.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The broader passage belongs to a tīrtha-māhātmya section, but this verse alone does not identify the site by name.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No explicit ritual is given; the verse functions as a lead-in to a curse/boon sequence within the tīrtha narrative.