Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 30

Devanagari script

ऋषभं त्रिसुपर्णं च दुर्गां सावित्रमेव च । बृहदारण्यकं चैव बृहत्साम तथोत्तरम्

Transliteration

ṛṣabhaṃ trisuparṇaṃ ca durgāṃ sāvitrameva ca | bṛhadāraṇyakaṃ caiva bṛhatsāma tathottaram

Translation

അവൻ ഋഷഭം, ത്രിസുപർണം, ദുർഗാസൂക്തം, സാവിത്രി (ഗായത്രി) എന്നിവ ജപിച്ചു; കൂടാതെ ബൃഹദാരണ്യക ഉപനിഷത്ത്, ബൃഹത്സാമം, ‘ഉത്തര’ (പൂരക സാമ) എന്നിവയും പാരായണം ചെയ്തു.

Word by Word

• ऋषभम्: Ṛṣabha (name/title)
• ऋषभम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• त्रिसुपर्णम्: Trisuparṇa (the ‘three-winged’/name)
• त्रिसुपर्णम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + सुपर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; द्विगु-समास (त्रयः सुपर्णाः यस्य/त्रिसुपर्णम्)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• दुर्गाम्: Durgā
• दुर्गाम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सावित्रम्: Sāvitra (hymn/chant)
• सावित्रम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सावित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• बृहदारण्यकम्: Bṛhadāraṇyaka (Upaniṣad)
• बृहदारण्यकम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बृहत् (प्रातिपदिक) + आरण्यक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (बृहद् आरण्यकम्)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed/also
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• बृहत्साम: Bṛhatsāman (a Sāma chant)
• बृहत्साम: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बृहत् (प्रातिपदिक) + सामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (बृहत् साम)

• तथा: likewise/also
• तथा: Sambandha (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: ‘likewise/so’)

• उत्तरम्: the later/next (one)
• उत्तरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (implicit noun: सूक्तम्/पाठम् etc.)

Speaker

Narrator in the Revā Khaṇḍa (contextual purāṇic voice; likely Sūta/Lomaharṣaṇa relating the māhātmya)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Revā/Narmadā (contextual)

Type: river

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A disciplined ascetic or brāhmaṇa sits on a riverbank altar with kuśa grass, water-pot, and fire; palm-leaf manuscripts and a rosary beside him as he recites successive Vedic hymns and Upaniṣadic passages.

Characters & Entities

• Ṛṣabha (hymn)
• Trisuparṇa (hymn)
• Durgā (Sūkta)
• Sāvitra (Gāyatrī)
• Bṛhadāraṇyaka (Upaniṣad)
• Bṛhatsāman

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Purāṇic devotion is harmonized with Vedic authority: Vedic hymns and Upaniṣadic wisdom are upheld as potent supports for protection and liberation.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The Revā/Narmadā tīrtha setting, where Vedic recitation is presented as part of the sacred power surrounding the river.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Recitation/japa of specific Vedic hymns and revered texts (Sūkta, Sāman, Upaniṣad).