Mantra 44
Rishi: Traditionally ascribed within the Vājasaneyin transmission (often linked to Yājñavalkya’s school-line rather than a single ṛṣi-name for each formula).
Devata: Aśvās/Ratha (martial power), with implicit Indraic sovereignty.
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (by cadence and length).
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ती॒व्रान् घोषा॑न् कृण्वते॒ वृष॑पाण॒योऽश्वा॒ रथे॑भिः स॒ह वा॒जय॑न्तः । अ॒व॒क्राम॑न्त॒: प्रप॑दैर॒मित्रा॑न् क्षि॒णन्ति॒ शत्रूँ॒१ रन॑पव्ययन्तः
Transliteration
tīvrā́n ghoṣā́n kṛṇvate vṛ́ṣa-pāṇayo’śvā́ rathébhiḥ sahá vā́jayantaḥ | ava-krā́mantaḥ prá-padair amítrān kṣiṇánti śatrū́n anapavyayántaḥ ||
Translation
തീക്ഷ്ണഘോഷങ്ങൾ ഉയർത്തുന്നു—വൃഷപാണി (ബലവാനായ കൈകളുള്ള) അശ്വങ്ങൾ, രഥങ്ങളോടൊപ്പം, വിജയം-ലാഭത്തിനായി പാഞ്ഞുകൊണ്ട്. മുന്നോട്ടുള്ള പാദചുവടുകളോടെ ഇറങ്ങി അവർ അമിത്രരെ ക്ഷയിപ്പിക്കുന്നു; ശത്രുക്കളെ തകർത്തുകളയുന്നു—പിന്നോട്ട് തിരിയാതെ, പിന്മാറ്റമില്ലാതെ.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
ती॒व्रान् । घोषा॑न् । कृण्वते । वृष॑-पाणयः । अश्वाः । रथे॑भिः । स॒ह । वा॒जय॑न्तः । अ॒व॒क्राम॑न्तः । प्रप॑दैः । अ॒मित्रा॑न् । क्षि॒णन्ति॑ । शत्रू॑न् । अ॒न॒प॒व्य॒य॒न्तः ।
Word by Word
तीव्रान्sharp, intense
तीव्रान्:
कर्म (घोषान् इति विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootतीव्र (प्रातिपदिक)
घोषान्sounds, clamours
घोषान्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootघोष (प्रातिपदिक)
कृण्वतेthey make
कृण्वते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
वृषपाणयःstrong-handed (men), mighty-armed
वृषपाणयः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootवृषपाणि (प्रातिपदिक; वृष- + पाणि)
अश्वाःhorses
अश्वाः:
कर्तृ (वाजयन्तः इत्यस्य) / सह-समुच्चित-कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
रथेभिःwith chariots
रथेभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
सहtogether with
सह:
(सहयोग/समुच्चय) सहार्थकः
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
वाजयन्तःspeeding on, driving forward (winning speed)
वाजयन्तः:
कर्तृ (अश्वाः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeVerb (Participle)
Rootवाजय (नामधातु; वाज + णिच् → वाजयति) / √वाज (धात्वर्थे ‘बल/वेग’)
अवक्रामन्तःstepping down/forward, advancing
अवक्रामन्तः:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb (Participle)
Rootअव-√क्रम् (धातु)
प्रपदैःwith (their) fore-steps, with strides
प्रपदैः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootप्रपद (प्रातिपदिक; प्र- + पद)
अमित्रान्enemies
अमित्रान्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
क्षिणन्तिthey destroy, wear down
क्षिणन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootक्षि (धातु; ‘क्षय/हिंसा’)
शत्रून्foes
शत्रून्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
अनपव्ययन्तःnot retreating, not giving way
अनपव्ययन्तः:
कर्तृ (क्षिणन्ति इत्यस्य कर्तृविशेषणम्)
TypeVerb (Participle)
Rootअन-अप-√व्यय् (धातु; ‘अपगम/क्षय’), शतृ-प्रत्ययान्तः
Entities Mentioned
A
Aśvās (Steeds)R
Ratha (Chariot)I
Indra (implicit)Ritual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes