Rig Veda 5.44.11 — Mandala 5, Sukta 44, Mantra 11

Sukta 5.44

Rishi: Atri Bhauma (Atri lineage attribution)

Devata: Agni (with Soma and Aditi imagery; the hymn’s powers converge on the awakener and the Soma-ecstasy he mediates)

Chandas: Trishtubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

श्येन आसामदितिः कक्ष्यो मदो विश्ववारस्य यजतस्य मायिनः । समन्यमन्यमर्थयन्त्येतवे विदुर्विषाणं परिपानमन्ति ते ॥

Transliteration

śyénā āsām áditiḥ kakṣyò mádo viśvá-vārasya yajátasya māyínaḥ | sám anyám-anyam arthayanty étave vidúr vi-sā́ṇaṃ parí-pānam ánti te ||

Translation

അവർക്കുള്ളത് ശ്യേന—വേഗത്തിൽ പറക്കുന്ന ബലം; അദിതി (അനന്തത) അവരുടെ കക്ഷ്യ (അരക്കെട്ട്); അവരുടെ മദം (ആനന്ദോന്മാദം) സർവ്വവാഞ്ഛനീയനും യജതനും മായിൻ (ദീപ്തരൂപനിർമ്മിതികളുടെ അധിപതി)യുമായ അവനുടേതാണ്. യാത്രയ്ക്കായി അവർ പരസ്പരം പ്രേരിപ്പിക്കുന്നു; വിശാലശൃംഗമുള്ള, എല്ലാം ചുറ്റിപ്പിടിക്കുന്ന പാനം (പരിപാനം) അവർ അറിയുന്നു—അത് അവർക്കടുത്താണ്.

Word by Word

• श्येनः: the falcon (swift bird; metaphor for swift agent)
• श्येनः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्येन (प्रातिपदिक) < √श्यै/श्यि (गत्यर्थ) (निरुक्त-परम्परा)

• आसाम्: of these (fem.)
• आसाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अदितिः: Aditi (the goddess; the Unbounded)
• अदितिः: Kartā (apposition/identification)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अदिति (प्रातिपदिक)

• कक्ष्यः: the girdle/band; enclosing belt (ritual/poetic epithet)
• कक्ष्यः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कक्ष्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• मदः: rapture, exhilaration (esp. soma-joy)
• मदः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद (प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्ववारस्य: of the all-desirable (one)
• विश्ववारस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्ववार (प्रातिपदिक; विश्व- + वार ‘desirable/choice’)

• यजतस्य: of the worshipful, venerable
• यजतस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यजत (प्रातिपदिक; √यज् + -त, ‘worthy of worship’)

• मायिनः: of the wondrous/powerful one (the possessor of māyā)
• मायिनः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: मायिन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘possessing māyā/power’)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्

• अन्यम्: another (one)
• अन्यम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• अन्यम्: another (one)
• अन्यम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• अर्थयन्ति: they seek/urge on, they aim at
• अर्थयन्ति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अर्थय् (अर्थयति) ‘to seek/aim at, request, strive for’

• एतवे: to go, to proceed
• एतवे: Prayojana (purpose)
• Type: Verb (Infinitive)
• Root: √इ (एति) → एतुम्/एतवे (infinitive in -तवे)

• विदुः: they have known / they know
• विदुः: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद् (वेद) ‘to know’

• विषाणम्: the horn
• विषाणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विषाण (प्रातिपदिक)

• परिपानम्: the encircling draught / surrounding drink (ritual image)
• परिपानम्: Karma (in apposition to विषाणम्)
• Type: Noun (action/result)
• Root: परि-√पा (पिबति) → परिपान (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; ‘drinking around, surrounding drink’)

• अन्ति: near, in the presence of
• अन्ति: Adhikaraṇa (locative sense: ‘near’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्ति

• ते: they
• ते: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)