Rig Veda 5.41.14: Mandala 5, Sukta 41, Mantra 14

Sukta 5.41

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)

Devata: Comprehensive: divine and earthly powers, and the Waters; dedicatory to the ‘su-makha’ (good sacrificer / good sacrifice)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ दैव्यानि पार्थिवानि जन्मापश्चाच्छा सुमखाय वोचम् । वर्धन्तां द्यावो गिरश्चन्द्राग्रा उदा वर्धन्तामभिषाता अर्णाः ॥

Transliteration

ā́ daivyā́ni pārthívāni jánmā́paś cā́cchā su-mákhāya vocam | várdhantāṃ dyā́vo gíraś candrā́grā udā́ vardhantām abhisā́tā árṇāḥ ||

Translation

സുമഖനായ (നല്ല യജ്ഞമുള്ളവനായി) ഞാൻ ദൈവ്യവും പാർത്ഥിവവും ആയ ജന്മങ്ങളിലേക്കും, അപഃ (ജലങ്ങൾ) ലേക്കും വാക്ക് ഉച്ചരിച്ചു. ദ്യാവഃ (ആകാശങ്ങൾ) വർധിക്കട്ടെ; പ്രകാശമയ അഗ്രമുള്ള ഗിരഃ (സ്തുതി-വചനങ്ങൾ) വളരട്ടെ; അഭിഷാതാഃ—ആക്രമണത്തിൽ ജയിക്കുന്ന—എന്ന ഉന്മേഷമുള്ള അർണാഃ (പ്രവാഹങ്ങൾ/പൂരങ്ങൾ) വർധിച്ച് ഉയരട്ടെ.

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Word by Word

• आ: forth, towards (preverb)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)

• दैव्यानि: divine (things)
• दैव्यानि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दैव्य- (देव- < दिव् ‘to shine’)

• पार्थिवानि: earthly, terrestrial (things)
• पार्थिवानि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पार्थिव- (पृथिवी-)

• जन्म: birth, origin
• जन्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्मन्- (√जन् ‘to be born’)

• अपः: waters
• अपः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्- (आपः)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अच्छा: towards
• अच्छा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अच्छा

• सुमखाय: to Sumakha (the well-sacrificing one)
• सुमखाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (proper/epithet)
• Root: सुमख- (सु- + मख ‘sacrifice/rite’)

• वः: for you / of you
• वः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्- (2nd pers. pronoun)

• वोचम्: I spoke / I proclaimed
• वोचम्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (वच् ‘to speak’)

• वर्धन्ताम्: let (them) increase
• वर्धन्ताम्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृध् (वृध् ‘to grow, increase’)

• द्यावः: the heavens
• द्यावः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ- (द्याव्/द्यौस्)

• गिरः: songs, hymns
• गिरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिर्-

• चन्द्राग्राः: having the moon as their foremost/at the front
• चन्द्राग्राः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चन्द्राग्र- (चन्द्र- + अग्र-)

• उद्: up, forth (preverb)
• उद्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उद् (उपसर्ग) / ud (preverb)

• आ: towards, forth (preverb)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)

• वर्धन्ताम्: let (them) increase
• वर्धन्ताम्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृध्

• अभिषाताः: pressed on, impelled, urged on
• अभिषाताः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (PPP)
• Root: अभि-√सद्/√सात् (वेद. ‘to press/drive upon, assail’) → अभिषात- (PPP)

• अर्णाः: floods, streams, waves
• अर्णाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्णस्-