Rig Veda 4.30.18: Mandala 4, Sukta 30, Mantra 18

Sukta 4.30

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उत त्या सद्य आर्या सरयोरिन्द्र पारतः । अर्णाचित्ररथावधीः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.30.18

Transliteration

utá tyā́ sadyá ā́ryā sarayór índra pārátáḥ | árṇācitrarathāv adhīḥ ||

Translation

അതുപോലെ—സരയുവിന്റെ അപ്പുറത്തുള്ള, വേഗത്തിൽ മുന്നേറുന്ന ആര്യ ശക്തികൾക്കായി, ഹേ ഇന്ദ്ര—നീ അർണയെയും ചിത്രരഥനെയും വധിച്ചു.

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Word by Word

• उत: and, also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• त्या: those two (f.)
• त्या: Karma (with पारतः) / or Adhikaraṇa (contextual)
• Type: Pronoun (demonstrative)
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सद्यः: immediately, at once
• सद्यः: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सद्यस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)

• आर्याः: the Āryas, the noble ones
• आर्याः: Kartā (understood: ‘(they) the Āryas…’)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: आर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• सरयोः: of/at the two Sarayū (rivers)
• सरयोः: Adhikaraṇa (locative sense: ‘at/on the two Sarayūs’) / or Sambandha (genitive sense)
• Type: Noun (proper river-name)
• Root: सरयू (नदी-नाम; प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (deity-name)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• पारतः: from the farther side, across
• पारतः: Adhikaraṇa/Apādāna (directional: ‘from the far side’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पारतस् (अव्यय; from पार ‘further side’)

• अर्णाचित्ररथौ: Arṇā and Citraratha (the two)
• अर्णाचित्ररथौ: Karma
• Type: Noun (dual proper names/epithets)
• Root: अर्णा-चित्ररथ (समास-प्रातिपदिक; dvandva/tatpuruṣa-like compound of two names/epithets)

• अवधीः: you slew, you killed
• अवधीः: Kriyā (with implied kartā = त्वम् ‘you’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वध् (हनने)