Rig Veda 3.40.7: Mandala 3, Sukta 40, Mantra 7
Sukta 3.40
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify per critical edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अभि द्युम्नानि वनिन इन्द्रं सचन्ते अक्षिता । पीत्वी सोमस्य वावृधे ॥
Transliteration
abhí dyumnā́ni vanína índraṃ sacante ákṣitā | pītvī́ sómasya vāvṛdhe ||
Translation
അക്ഷയമായ ദ്യുമ്നങ്ങൾ—പ്രകാശപൂർണ്ണ സമൃദ്ധികളെ ജയിക്കുന്ന വിജയം-ശക്തികൾ—ഇന്ദ്രനെ ചുറ്റി ചേർന്നു നിൽക്കുന്നു. സോമം പാനം ചെയ്ത് അവൻ വർദ്ധിക്കുന്നു—വിജയപ്രകാശത്തിന്റെ മഹത്തായ വ്യാപ്തിയിലേക്ക് വികസിക്കുന്നു.
Word by Word
अभिtowards, upon
अभि:
Adhikaraṇa (directional/locative sense) / upasarga to the verbal idea
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
द्यु॒म्नानिsplendours, brilliant powers
द्यु॒म्नानि:
Karma (object of ‘सचन्ते’ with अभि) / goal of movement
TypeNoun
Rootद्यु॒म्न (प्रातिपदिक)
वनिनःthe winners/conquerors (lit. ‘possessors of winning/booty’)
वनिनः:
Kartā (subject of ‘सचन्ते’)
TypeNoun (agentive/epithet)
Rootवनिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
Karma (object of ‘सचन्ते’)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सचन्तेthey accompany / they attach themselves
सचन्ते:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Root√सच् (सचँ) ‘to accompany, follow, attach oneself’
अक्षिताundiminishing, imperishable
अक्षिता:
Karma (qualifier of the object द्यु॒म्नानि) / adjectival
TypeAdjective (past participial, used as epithet)
Rootअ-क्षि-त (क्षि ‘to perish/diminish’ + क्त; with privative अ-)
पीत्वीhaving drunk
पीत्वी:
(क्रियाविशेषण) prior action to वावृधे
TypeVerbal indeclinable (gerund)
Root√पा ‘to drink’ → पीत्वी (त्वी-प्रत्यय; Vedic absolutive/gerund)
सोमस्यof Soma
सोमस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation with पीत्वी: ‘of Soma’)
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
वावृधेhe has grown / he has become strong
वावृधे:
(क्रिया) —; subject understood: इन्द्रः
TypeVerb
Root√वृध् (वृधँ) ‘to grow, increase’
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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