Rig Veda 10.40.8 — Mandala 10, Sukta 40, Mantra 8
Sukta 10.40
Devata: Aśvinau
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
युवं ह कृशं युवमश्विना शयुं युवं विधन्तं विधवामुरुष्यथः । युवं सनिभ्यः स्तनयन्तमश्विनाप व्रजमूर्णुथः सप्तास्यम् ॥
Transliteration
yuváṃ ha kṛśáṃ yuvám aśvinā śayúṃ yuváṃ vidhántaṃ vidhávām uruṣyathaḥ | yuváṃ saníbhyaḥ stanáyantam aśvinā́pa vrajám ūrṇuthaḥ saptā́syam ||
Translation
നിങ്ങൾ ദുർബലനെ സഹായിച്ചു; ഹേ അശ്വിനൗ, നിങ്ങൾ ശയുവിനെ സഹായിച്ചു; വിധവത്വമെന്ന നാശകരാവസ്ഥയിൽ നിന്ന് ഉപാസകനെ നിങ്ങൾ രക്ഷിച്ചു. ഹേ അശ്വിനൗ, ലാഭം തേടുന്നവർക്കായി നിങ്ങൾ ഗർജ്ജിക്കുന്ന വ്രജം (അടഞ്ഞ വേലി/ആവരണം) തുറന്നു—സപ്താസ്യം, ഏഴുമുഖമുള്ളത് (അനേകം പ്രവാഹങ്ങളുടെ മോചനം).
Word by Word
युवाम्you two
युवाम्:
सम्बोधन/कर्तृ (contextually addressed to the Aśvins)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
हindeed, surely
ह:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह
कृशम्the emaciated (one)
कृशम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootकृश
युवम्you two
युवम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
अश्विनाO Aśvins (you two horsemen)
अश्विना:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootअश्विन्
शयुम्the lying/afflicted one (a sufferer)
शयुम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootशयु
युवम्you two
युवम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
विधन्तम्the one performing service/worship (bestowing/arranging)
विधन्तम्:
कर्म
TypeVerb-derived participle
Root√धा (धा/धि) with vi-; present participle
विधवाम्of widows
विधवाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootविधवा
उरुष्यथःyou two protect/relieve
उरुष्यथः:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Root√उरुष् (uruṣ) / denominative ‘to make wide, to protect, to relieve’
युवम्you two
युवम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
सनिभ्यःfrom/for the needy (seekers of gain)
सनिभ्यः:
अपादान/सम्प्रदान (context-dependent)
TypeNoun
Rootसनि
स्तनयन्तम्thundering, roaring
स्तनयन्तम्:
कर्म
TypeVerb-derived participle
Root√स्तनय् (to thunder/roar)
अश्विनाO Aśvins
अश्विना:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootअश्विन्
अपaway, off; (with verb) open/uncover
अप:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb) / particle
Rootअप
व्रजम्enclosure, pen, stall
व्रजम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootव्रज
ऊर्णुथःyou two open/uncover
ऊर्णुथः:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Root√वृ (vṛ) with ud-/ā?; Vedic form ऊर्णु- ‘to open/uncover’
सप्तास्यम्the seven-mouthed (enclosure/cave)
सप्तास्यम्:
कर्म (apposition to व्रजम्) / विशेषण
TypeCompound adjective (bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa) used substantively
Rootसप्त + आस्य
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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