Rig Veda 10.18.12: Mandala 10, Sukta 18, Mantra 12

Sukta 10.18

Rishi: Traditionally associated with Yama-related funeral hymns; specific r̥ṣi attribution varies by recension for RV 10.18 (commonly connected with Yama/Yamī or ancestral seers in anukramaṇī traditions).

Devata: Pṛthivī (Earth) / protective powers of the dwelling; contextually tied to Pitṛs (Fathers) and the safe establishment of the departed.

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; RV 10.18 frequently uses Triṣṭubh/Jagatī in funeral context—verify per pada count in the target edition).

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उच्छ्वञ्चमाना पृथिवी सु तिष्ठतु सहस्रं मित उप हि श्रयन्ताम् । ते गृहासो घृतश्चुतो भवन्तु विश्वाहास्मै शरणाः सन्त्वत्र ॥

Transliteration

ucchváñcamānā pṛthivī su tíṣṭhatu sahásraṃ míta úpa hí śráyantām | te gṛhā́so ghṛta-ścúto bhavantu viśvā́hāsmai śaráṇāḥ sántv átra ||

Translation

ഉയർന്ന് എഴുന്നേൽക്കുന്ന പൃഥ്വീ ദൃഢമായി, സുസ്ഥിരമായി നിലകൊള്ളട്ടെ. ആയിരം അളന്ന ആധാരങ്ങൾ സമീപിച്ച് അവനിൽ ചാരട്ടെ. ഈ വാസസ്ഥലങ്ങൾ ഘൃതധാരകളായി—പോഷകവും ദീപ്തവുമായതായി—ആകട്ടെ; ഇവിടെ എല്ലാകാലവും അവനു ശരണങ്ങളാകട്ടെ.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• उच्छ्वञ्चमाना: rising up, swelling/expanding
• उच्छ्वञ्चमाना: कर्तृ (पृथिव्याः क्रिया-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: उद्-श्वञ्च् (धातु) / श्वञ्च्

• पृथिवी: the Earth
• पृथिवी: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)

• सु: well, firmly
• सु: (क्रिया-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सु (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• तिष्ठतु: let (her) stand / remain
• तिष्ठतु: (विधेय-क्रिया; कर्ता = पृथिवी)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)

• सहस्रम्: a thousand
• सहस्रम्: कर्म (परिमाण/अवधि-रूपेण)
• Type: Numeral/Noun
• Root: सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• मितः: measured
• मितः: (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Participle (adjectival)
• Root: मा (धातु) → मित (कृदन्त; भूतकृदन्त)

• उप: near, towards
• उप: (क्रिया-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: (सम्बोधन/हेतु-निपातः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• श्रयन्ताम्: let them resort/lean (to), take refuge
• श्रयन्ताम्: (विधेय-क्रिया; कर्ता = ते [गृहासः])
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रि (धातु)

• ते: those, they
• ते: कर्तृ (श्रयन्ताम्/भवन्तु इत्यस्य)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• गृहासः: houses, dwellings
• गृहासः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह (प्रातिपदिक)

• घृतश्चुतः: ghee-dripping, flowing with ghee
• घृतश्चुतः: (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: घृत (प्रातिपदिक) + श्चुत (कृदन्त; √च्युत्/च्यु ‘to drip, flow’)

• भवन्तु: let them be / become
• भवन्तु: (विधेय-क्रिया; कर्ता = गृहासः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)

• विश्वाहा: all days, every day
• विश्वाहा: अधिकरण (काल-अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Indeclinable (adverbial compound)
• Root: विश्व + अहन् (प्रातिपदिक) → अव्ययीभावः

• अस्मै: for him (to this one)
• अस्मै: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अयम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• शरणाः: shelters, refuges
• शरणाः: कर्तृ/प्रथमा-सम्बन्धः (सन्तु इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरण (प्रातिपदिक)

• सन्तु: let there be
• सन्तु: (विधेय-क्रिया; कर्ता = शरणाः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: अधिकरण (देश-अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)