Shloka 43

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

प्रभग्नान् वानरान् दृष्टवावज्रहस्तात्मजात्मजः ।अभ्यधावतवेगेनकुम्भकर्णंमहाहवे ।।।।

Transliteration

prabhagnān vānarān dṛṣṭvā vajrahastātmajātmajaḥ |

abhyadhāvata vegena kumbhakarṇaṃ mahāhave ||

Translation

വാനരസേന തകർന്നോടുന്നതു കണ്ട വജ്രഹസ്തൻ (ഇന്ദ്രൻ) വംശജനായ അംഗദൻ മഹായുദ്ധത്തിൽ വേഗത്തോടെ കുംഭകർണന്റെ നേരെ പാഞ്ഞു.

Word by Word

• प्रभग्नान्: routed, broken
• प्रभग्नान्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र-भग्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्तः, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• वानरान्: Vanaras
• वानरान्: कर्म (दृष्ट्वा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (पूर्वकर्म)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)

• वज्रहस्तात्मजात्मजः: grandson of Vajrahasta (Indra)
• वज्रहस्तात्मजात्मजः: कर्ता (कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वज्रहस्त-आत्मज-आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष-परम्परा (वज्रहस्तस्य आत्मजस्य आत्मजः)

• अभ्यधावत: rushed at, charged
• अभ्यधावत: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-धाव् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• वेगेन: with speed
• वेगेन: करण (instrumental of manner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• कुम्भकर्णम्: Kumbhakarna
• कुम्भकर्णम्: कर्म (target)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• महाहवे: in the great battle
• महाहवे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाहव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महान् आहवः)

Context

The son of Vali who sprung from Indra, the wielder of the thunderbolt seeing the Vanaras routed, rushed towards Kumbhakarna to assault.

Characters & Entities

• Angada
• Kumbhakarṇa
• Vānara

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Protective courage: a capable warrior steps forward when others are overwhelmed, taking responsibility to defend the community and restore dharmic order.

What is the narrative situation?

Angada observes the Vānara ranks collapsing and personally charges Kumbhakarṇa to check his advance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Śaurya (heroic initiative) and dayā (protective concern), expressed through decisive action on behalf of the frightened host.