Shloka 46

कुम्भकर्णप्रस्थानम्

Kumbhakarna’s Departure for Battle

Devanagari script

एवंतस्यब्रुवाणस्यकुम्भकर्णस्यराक्षसाः ।नादंचक्रुर्महाघोरंकम्पयन्तइवार्णवम् ।।।।

Transliteration

evaṃ tasya bruvāṇasya kumbhakarṇasya rākṣasāḥ |

nādaṃ cakrur mahāghoraṃ kampayanta ivārṇavam ||6.65.46||

Translation

കുംഭകർണ്ണൻ ഇങ്ങനെ പറയുമ്പോൾ രാക്ഷസന്മാർ മഹാഘോരമായ നാദം ഉയർത്തി—സമുദ്രത്തെ തന്നെ കുലുക്കുന്നതുപോലെ।

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: क्रियाविशेषण (Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (adverb: 'thus/in this manner')

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• ब्रुवाणस्य: while speaking
• ब्रुवाणस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive absolute-like)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present middle participle), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; (while he was speaking)

• कुम्भकर्णस्य: of Kumbhakarna
• कुम्भकर्णस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• राक्षसाः: rakshasas
• राक्षसाः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• नादम्: roar; sound
• नादम्: कर्म (Karma)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• चक्रुः: made; raised
• चक्रुः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद (they made/raised)

• महाघोरम्: very dreadful
• महाघोरम्: कर्म (Karma)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + घोर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifies नादम्); कर्मधारयः

• कम्पयन्तः: shaking
• कम्पयन्तः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कम्प् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; (shaking)

• इव: as if
• इव: उपमासूचक (Simile marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमावाचक

• अर्णवम्: the ocean
• अर्णवम्: कर्म (Karma)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्णव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Context

As wise Kumbhakarna was proceeding swiftly , dreadful portents appeared.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Rākṣasas
• Ocean (arṇava)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Collective emotion can amplify adharma: the roar symbolizes mass approval of violence. The Ramāyaṇa warns that popular acclaim does not validate unrighteous intent; dharma is not determined by noise or numbers.

What is the narrative situation?

The rākṣasa troops respond to Kumbhakarṇa’s declaration with a terrifying war-cry.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Group solidarity and morale (a military strength), yet ethically neutral and potentially dangerous when yoked to adharma.