Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 60, Shloka 87

कुम्भकर्णविबोधनम्

The Awakening of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

तथेत्युक्त्वातुतेसर्वेपुनरागम्यराक्षसाः ।कुम्भकर्णमिदंवाक्यमूचूरावणचोदिताः ।।।।

Transliteration

tathety uktvā tu te sarve punar āgamya rākṣasāḥ |

kumbhakarṇam idaṃ vākyam ūcur rāvaṇa-coditāḥ ||

Translation

“തഥാസ്തു” എന്നു പറഞ്ഞു ആ രാക്ഷസന്മാർ എല്ലാവരും വീണ്ടും മടങ്ങി വന്നു; രാവണന്റെ ആജ്ഞയാൽ പ്രേരിതരായി കുംഭകർണനോട് ഈ വാക്കുകൾ പറഞ്ഞു.

Word by Word

• tathā: thus
• tathā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb): 'so/thus'

• iti: (saying) 'so'
• iti: Quotation marker (इति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/वाक्य-समाप्ति सूचक अव्यय (quotative particle)

• uktvā: having said
• uktvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive): 'having said'

• tu: then
• tu: Discourse particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• te: they
• te: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; 'they'

• sarve: all
• sarve: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; apposition to te

• punaḥ: again
• punaḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb): 'again/back'

• āgamya: having come
• āgamya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-gam (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप्/क्त्वान्त-प्राय (absolutive): 'having come/approached'

• rākṣasāḥ: rākṣasas
• rākṣasāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• kumbhakarṇam: Kumbhakarṇa
• kumbhakarṇam: Karma (कर्म) (of ūcuḥ: addressed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kumbhakarṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• idam: this
• idam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; modifies vākyam

• vākyam: speech, words
• vākyam: Karma (कर्म) (thing said)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• ūcuḥ: said
• ūcuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• rāvaṇa-coditāḥ: urged by Rāvaṇa
• rāvaṇa-coditāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rāvaṇa + codita (√cud/√cod धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समास: तत्पुरुष 'रावणेन चोदिताः' (instigated by Rāvaṇa)

Context

All the Rakshasas taking leave from Ravana said this again approaching Kumbhakarna.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Kumbhakarṇa
• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Fidelity to entrusted duty: messengers execute instructions accurately, reflecting integrity in service.

What is the narrative situation?

After receiving Rāvaṇa’s order, the attendants go back to Kumbhakarṇa to convey the summons.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reliability and discipline in carrying out commands.