Shloka 10

युद्धकाण्डे एकोनषष्टितमः सर्गः

Rāvaṇa’s Assault on Nīla and Lakṣmaṇa; Hanumān Bears Rāma

Devanagari script

ततोनगर्यास्सहसामहौजानिष्क्रम्यतद्वानरसैन्यमुग्रम् ।महार्णवाभ्रस्तनितंददर्शसमुद्यतंपादपशैलहस्तम् ।।6.59.10।।

Transliteration

tato nagaryāḥ sahasā mahaujā niṣkramya tad vānarasainyam ugram | mahārṇavābhrastanitaṃ dadarśa samudyataṃ pādapa-śaila-hastam ||

Translation

അപ്പോൾ മഹാപ്രതാപിയായ (രാവണൻ) പെട്ടെന്നു നഗരിയിൽ നിന്നു പുറപ്പെട്ടു; മഹാസമുദ്രത്തിന്റെ ഗർജ്ജനവും ഇടിമേഘങ്ങളുടെ നാദവും പോലെ മുഴങ്ങുന്ന, കൈകളിൽ വൃക്ഷങ്ങളും പാറകളും ഉയർത്തിപ്പിടിച്ച ഭയങ്കര വാനരസൈന്യത്തെ അവൻ കണ്ടു.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: thereafter
• tataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (प्रातिपदिक/अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable adverb)

• nagaryāḥ: from the city
• nagaryāḥ: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nagarī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (ablative/अपादान), एकवचन

• sahasā: suddenly, forcibly
• sahasā: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasā (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (manner adverb)

• mahaujāḥ: the mighty one (of great vigor)
• mahaujāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā + ojas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारय-प्रायः (महद् ओजः यस्य)

• niṣkramya: having come out
• niṣkramya: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: niṣ-√kram (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; धातुः क्रम् (1P) उपसर्गः निष्; अर्थः ‘having gone out’

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• vānara-sainyam: the vanara army
• vānara-sainyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara + sainya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (वानराणां सैन्यम्)

• ugram: fierce
• ugram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ugra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (सैन्यम्)

• mahā-arṇava-abhra-stanitam: thundering like the great ocean and clouds
• mahā-arṇava-abhra-stanitam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā + arṇava + abhra + stanita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (महान् अर्णवः, अभ्राणि, तेषां स्तनितम् इव) विशेषणम् (सैन्यम्)

• dadarśa: saw
• dadarśa: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; धातुः दृश्

• samudyatam: raised up, uplifted
• samudyatam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-ud-√yam (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (सैन्यम्)

• pādapa-śaila-hastam: having trees and rocks in their hands
• pādapa-śaila-hastam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pādapa + śaila + hasta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (पादपाः शैलाः च हस्तेषु यस्य/हस्तरूपेण) विशेषणम् (सैन्यम्)

Context

Commander in chief of the Rakshasa army killed by Neela, the bull of Vanaras, the army Rakshasas with dreadful weapons which were like the fury of an ocean, ran.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa (implied by 'mahaujā' and context)
• Laṅkā (city, implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Power aligned with Dharma can appear overwhelming; the verse warns that unjust rule must face the gathered force of rightful resistance.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa emerges from the city and witnesses the Vanara army assembled, armed with trees and rocks, surging like natural forces.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The collective unity and resolve of the Vanara host—strength made effective through coordinated purpose.