Shloka 39

द्वन्द्वयुद्धप्रवृत्तिः

Dvandva-Yuddha: The Onset of Single Combats

Devanagari script

गदाप्रहारंतंघोरमच्नित्यप्लवगोत्तमः ।तांशिलांपातयामासतस्योरसिमहामृधे ।।6.43.39।।

Transliteration

gadāprahāraṃ taṃ ghōram acintya plavagottamaḥ | tāṃ śilāṃ pātayāmāsa tasyorasi mahāmṛdhe ||6.43.39||

Translation

ആ മഹാസമരത്തിൽ ഭീകരമായ ഗദാപ്രഹാരം അവഗണിച്ച്, വാനരോത്തമൻ ഒരു ശില എടുത്ത് വിദ്യുന്മാലിയുടെ ഉരസ്സിന്മേൽ ഘോരമായി ഇടിച്ചുവീഴ്ത്തി.

Word by Word

• गदा-प्रहारम्: the mace-blow
• गदा-प्रहारम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गदा (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रहार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः = 'गदया प्रहारः' (blow with a mace)

• तम्: that
• तम्: कर्म-विशेषण (demonstrative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; 'गदाप्रहारम्' इत्यस्य विशेषणार्थे

• घोरम्: terrible
• घोरम्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; 'गदाप्रहारम्' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• अचिन्त्य: without heeding
• अचिन्त्य: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अ+चिन्त्य (कृदन्त; चिन्त् धातु + यत्)
• Form: अव्ययवत् क्रियाविशेषण; 'अचिन्त्य' = not considering (gerund-like usage)

• प्लवग-उत्तमः: best of monkeys
• प्लवग-उत्तमः: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्लवग (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; 'प्लवगानाम् उत्तमः'

• ताम्: that
• ताम्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• शिलाम्: rock
• शिलाम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिला (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• पातयामास: dropped/caused to fall
• पातयामास: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: पत् (धातु) → पातयति (णिच् causative)
• Form: लिट्-प्रयोगवत् परिप्रास (periphrastic perfect-like past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; णिच्-भाव: caused to fall

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• उरसि: on the chest
• उरसि: अधिकरण (Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन

• महामृधे: in the great battle
• महामृधे: अधिकरण (Context/occasion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + मृध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः = 'महती मृध्' (great battle)

Context

The great monkey leader Sushena, not caring for the mace, dropped the rock on Vidyunmali's chest.

Characters & Entities

• Suṣeṇa
• Vidyunmālī
• mace (gadā)
• rock (śilā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is upheld through steadfastness: the righteous defender does not abandon duty when struck, but continues to act to neutralize the threat and protect the collective.

What is the narrative situation?

Despite being hit by a mace, Suṣeṇa completes his counterattack by dropping a massive rock onto Vidyunmālī’s chest during the fierce clash.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Dhṛti (endurance) and niścaya (firm resolve): the ability to continue one’s duty even under severe injury or shock.