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Shloka 99

युद्धलक्षण-निमित्तदर्शनं तथा लङ्काद्वारव्यूहः

War Omens and the Encirclement of Lanka’s Gates

Devanagari script

कृत्स्नंहिकपिभिर्व्याप्तंप्राकारपरिखान्तरम् ।ददृशूराक्षसादीनाःप्राकारंनानरीकृतम् ।।6.41.99।।हाहाकारंप्रकुर्वन्तिराक्षसाभयमोहिताः ।

Transliteration

kṛtsnaṃ hi kapibhir vyāptaṃ prākāraparikhāntaram | dadṛśu rākṣasā dīnāḥ prākāraṃ nānarīkṛtam || 6.41.99 ||

hāhākāraṃ prakurvanti rākṣasā bhayamohitāḥ |

Translation

പ്രാകാരവും പരിഖയും ഇടയിലുള്ള മുഴുവൻ സ്ഥലവും കപികളാൽ നിറഞ്ഞിരുന്നു; രാക്ഷസർ കണ്ടു—പ്രാകാരം തന്നേ വാനരസമൂഹമായി മാറിയതുപോലെ. ഭയമോഹിതരായ രാക്ഷസർ ഹാഹാകാരം മുഴക്കി.

Word by Word
कृत्स्नम्entire
कृत्स्नम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṛtsna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया/प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; here used as adjective to (प्राकारपरिखान्तरम्) in neuter singular
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; emphatic/causal particle (निपात)
कपिभिःby monkeys
कपिभिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkapi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Instrumental plural
व्याप्तम्pervaded, filled
व्याप्तम्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√āp (आप् धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; agreeing with (प्राकारपरिखान्तरम्)
प्राकार-परिखा-अन्तरम्the space between wall and moat
प्राकार-परिखा-अन्तरम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootprākāra (प्रातिपदिक) + parikhā (प्रातिपदिक) + antara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (समाहार/निर्देशार्थः: प्राकारस्य परिखायाश्च अन्तरम्/अन्तरालम्); नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
ददृशुःsaw
ददृशुः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√dṛś (दृश् धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (परोक्षभूत/परिपूर्णभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; perfect, 3rd person plural; parasmaipada
राक्षस-आदीनाःrakshasas and others
राक्षस-आदीनाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (राक्षसाः आदयः येषां ते); पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Nominative plural
प्राकारम्rampart, wall
प्राकारम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootprākāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular
नानरीकृतम्crowded, filled (with troops)
नानरीकृतम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Root√nṛ (नृ धातु)
Formणिच्-प्रत्यय (causative) + क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; ‘made into men/filled with people’; नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचन; agreeing with प्राकारम् (object-description)
हाहाकारम्a loud wail/cry
हाहाकारम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roothāhākāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular
प्रकुर्वन्तिmake, raise
प्रकुर्वन्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√kṛ (कृ धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; present, 3rd person plural; parasmaipada
राक्षसाःrakshasas
राक्षसाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Nominative plural
भय-मोहिताःdeluded by fear
भय-मोहिताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhaya (प्रातिपदिक) + mohita (प्रातिपदिक; √muh क्त)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (तृतीया-तत्पुरुष: भयेन मोहिताः); पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
Context

The Rakshasas were desperate to see the spread of monkeys over the entire area from the boundary to moat of Lanka. The way the space between was filled with Vanaras seemed as though the Vanaras converted into boundaries. Rakshasas were seen making a loud noise.

Characters & Entities
R
rākṣasas
K
kapi (monkeys/vānaras)
L
Laṅkā (implied)
P
prākāra (rampart)
P
parikhā (moat)

FAQs

Fear arises when one’s foundation is adharma; external fortifications cannot protect a mind haunted by wrongdoing—inner righteousness is the true defense.

The vānaras flood the defensive perimeter so completely that the rākṣasas perceive the walls themselves as ‘turned into monkeys,’ and panic spreads in Laṅkā.

Collective courage and strategic pressure by the vānaras; conversely, the rākṣasas’ fear shows the vice of moral insecurity.

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