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Shloka 39

लङ्कादाहः — The Burning of Lanka

Catuḥpañcāśaḥ Sargaḥ

ततस्तु लङ्का सहसा प्रदग्धा सराक्षसा साश्वरथा सनागा।सपक्षिसङ्घा समृगा सवृक्षा रुरोद दीना तुमुलं सशब्दम्।।।।

tatas tu laṅkā sahasā pradagdhā sa-rākṣasā sāśva-rathā sa-nāgā |

sa-pakṣi-saṅghā sa-mṛgā sa-vṛkṣā ruroda dīnā tumulaṁ sa-śabdam ||

പിന്നെ ലങ്ക പെട്ടെന്ന് ജ്വലിച്ചു—രാക്ഷസന്മാരോടും കുതിര-രഥങ്ങളോടും ആനകളോടും കൂടി; പക്ഷിസംഘങ്ങളോടും മൃഗങ്ങളോടും വൃക്ഷങ്ങളോടും കൂടി. ദീനയായി ഭീകരമായ മുഴക്കത്തോടെ അവൾ കരയുന്നതുപോലെ തോന്നി.

tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय)
Formदेश/काल-वाचक अव्यय (then/from there)
tuindeed/but
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अन्वय-निपात (but/indeed)
laṅkāLaṅkā
laṅkā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootlaṅkā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्ता
sahasāsuddenly
sahasā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsahasā (अव्यय/तृतीया-रूप)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (suddenly)
pradagdhāburnt
pradagdhā:
Kriya (क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Root√dah (दह्) + pra उपसर्ग
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मणि (burnt)
sa-rākṣasāwith the demons
sa-rākṣasā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (सह-प्रातिपदिक) + rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव: राक्षसैः सह (together with demons)
sa-aśva-rathāwith horses and chariots
sa-aśva-rathā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (सह) + aśva (प्रातिपदिक) + ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव: अश्वरथैः सह (with horses and chariots)
sa-nāgāwith elephants
sa-nāgā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (सह) + nāga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव: नागैः सह (with elephants)
sa-pakṣi-saṅghāwith flocks of birds
sa-pakṣi-saṅghā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (सह) + pakṣi (प्रातिपदिक) + saṅgha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव: पक्षिसङ्घैः सह (with flocks of birds)
sa-mṛgāwith animals
sa-mṛgā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (सह) + mṛga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव: मृगैः सह (with animals)
sa-vṛkṣāwith trees
sa-vṛkṣā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (सह) + vṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव: वृक्षैः सह (with trees)
rurodacried
ruroda:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√rud (रुद्)
Formलिट् (perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
dīnāpiteously
dīnā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootdīna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण (piteous)
tumulamtumultuously
tumulam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottumula (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया-एकवचनरूपेण क्रियाविशेषण (accusative used adverbially): तुमुलम् (tumultuously)
sa-śabdamloudly
sa-śabdam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsa (सह) + śabda (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-प्राय क्रियाविशेषण: शब्देन सह (with loud sound)

Lanka with its chariots horses, elephants, flocks of birds, animals and trees burnt all of a sudden, the ogres cried loudly and piteously.

L
Laṅkā
R
rākṣasas
N
nāga (elephants)

FAQs

The verse conveys that adharma harms not only perpetrators but entire ecosystems and communities; dharma includes responsibility toward all beings affected by one’s collective actions.

The narration personifies Laṅkā’s devastation, listing living creatures and war assets consumed by the sudden fire.

Hanumān’s strategic deterrence is implied: the destruction is meant to break enemy morale and pressure the adharma-based regime.