Shloka 61

इन्द्रजित्प्रेषणम्—ब्रह्मास्त्रबन्धः, हनूमद्ग्रहणं, रावणसभाप्रवेशः

Indrajit’s Deployment—Brahmāstra Binding, Hanuman’s Capture, Entry into Ravana’s Court

Devanagari script

यथाक्रमं तैस्स कपिर्विपृष्टः कार्यार्थमर्धस्य च मूलमादौ।निवेदयामास हरीश्वरस्य दूतः सकाशादहमागतोऽस्मि।।।।

Transliteration

yathākramaṃ tais sa kapir vipṛṣṭaḥ kāryārtham ardhasya ca mūlam ādau | nivedayāmāsa harīśvarasya dūtaḥ sakāśād aham āgato 'smi ||

Translation

അവർ ക്രമമായി ചോദിച്ചു—ആദ്യം അവന്റെ ഉത്ഭവവും ദൗത്യത്തിന്റെ ലക്ഷ്യവും. അപ്പോൾ ആ കപി അറിയിച്ചു: “ഹരീശ്വരനായ വാനരരാജന്റെ സന്നിധിയിൽ നിന്ന്, അവന്റെ ദൂതനായി ഞാൻ വന്നിരിക്കുന്നു.”

Word by Word

• यथाक्रमम्: in proper order
• यथाक्रमम्: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + क्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समासः; क्रियाविशेषणम्: यथाक्रमम् (in due order)

• तैः: by them
• तैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे तृतीया, बहुवचनम्

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• कपिः: the monkey
• कपिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• विपृष्टः: questioned
• विपृष्टः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि+प्रच्छ् (धातु) → विपृष्ट (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्तः (क्त), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; ‘having been questioned’ (passive sense)

• कार्यार्थम्: the purpose of the mission
• कार्यार्थम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्य (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: कार्यस्य अर्थः (purpose of the task)

• अर्धस्य: of the half/part
• अर्धस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी, एकवचनम्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• मूलम्: the root/origin
• मूलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• आदौ: at the beginning
• आदौ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचनम्; क्रियाविशेषणवत्: ‘at first/in the beginning’

• निवेदयामास: reported
• निवेदयामास: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि+विद् (धातु) (णिच्) → निवेदयामास
• Form: लकारः लिट् (Periphrastic perfect/परस्मैपद-लिट्), पुरुषः प्रथमः, वचनम् एकवचनम्; causative stem (णिच्): ‘reported/informed’

• हरीश्वरस्य: of the lord of monkeys
• हरीश्वरस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी, एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: हरीणाम् ईश्वरः (lord of monkeys)

• दूतः: messenger
• दूतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; apposition to अहम् (I, a messenger)

• सकाशात्: from the presence of
• सकाशात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सकाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचनम्; अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः: ‘from the presence of’

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचनम् (1st person pronoun)

• आगतः: come
• आगतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ+गम् (धातु) → आगत (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्तः (क्त), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; अहम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• अस्मि: am
• अस्मि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लकारः लट् (Present), पुरुषः उत्तमः (1st), वचनम् एकवचनम्

Context

At the very outset they questioned Hanuman manner in the usual about the place he came from and the purpose. Hanuman reported, 'I am Hanuman. I came as a messenger by the order of the king of monkeys'.ইত্যার্ষে শ্রীমদ্রামাযণে বাল্মীকীয আদিকাব্যে সুন্দরকাণ্ডে অষ্টচত্বারিংশস্সর্গঃ৷৷Thus ends the fortyeigth sarga of Sundarakanda of the holy Ramayana, the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Harīśvara (Sugrīva implied as lord of monkeys)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya (truthfulness) in diplomacy: Hanumān states his identity and mission plainly, modeling righteous speech even before an enemy court.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa’s ministers question the captive; Hanumān answers formally as an envoy sent by the monkey-king.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Integrity and fearlessness—Hanumān speaks truth without concealment, fulfilling the dharma of a dūta (messenger).