Shloka 21

षट्चत्वारिंशः सर्गः

Ravana Deploys Five Generals; Hanuman Destroys the Commanders and the Remaining Host

Devanagari script

स तैः पञ्चभिराविद्धश्शरैश्शिरसि वानरः।।।।उत्पपात नदन् व्योम्नि दिशो दश विनादयन्।

Transliteration

sa taiḥ pañcabhir āviddhaḥ śaraiḥ śirasi vānaraḥ | utpapāta nadan vyomni diśo daśa vinādayan ||

Translation

ആ അഞ്ചു അമ്പുകൾ ശിരസ്സിൽ പതിഞ്ഞിരിക്കെ വാനരനായ ഹനുമാൻ ഗർജ്ജിച്ചു കൊണ്ട് ആകാശത്തിലേക്ക് ചാടിപ്പൊങ്ങി; അവന്റെ നാദം പത്തു ദിക്കുകളിലും മുഴങ്ങി.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Agent/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative), एकवचनम् (Singular); सर्वनाम-शब्दः

• तैः: by them / with those
• तैः: करणम् (Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental), बहुवचनम् (Plural); सर्वनाम-शब्दः

• पञ्चभिः: by five
• पञ्चभिः: करणम् (Instrument) (तैः सह)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्चन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: त्रिलिङ्ग-प्रयोगः, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental), बहुवचनम् (Plural); संख्या-विशेषणम् (qualifying 'śaraiḥ')

• आविद्धः: pierced / struck
• आविद्धः: कर्ता-विशेषणम् (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ + व्यध् (धातु) → आविद्ध (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त-प्रत्ययः)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative), एकवचनम् (Singular); विशेषणम् (qualifying 'vānaraḥ')

• शरैः: with arrows
• शरैः: करणम् (Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental), बहुवचनम् (Plural)

• शिरसि: on the head
• शिरसि: अधिकरणम् (Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• वानरः: the monkey (warrior)
• वानरः: कर्ता (Agent/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• उत्पपात: leaped up / sprang
• उत्पपात: क्रिया (Main action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत् + पत् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect; narrative past), प्रथम-पुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम् (Singular); परस्मैपदम्

• नदन्: roaring / shouting
• नदन्: कर्ता-विशेषणम् / सहक्रिया (Concomitant action of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नद् (धातु) → नदत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, शतृ-प्रत्ययः)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्तः (present active participle); पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative), एकवचनम् (Singular); क्रियाविशेषण-भावेन (concomitant action with 'utpapāta')

• व्योम्नि: in the sky
• व्योम्नि: अधिकरणम् (Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्योमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• दिशः: the directions
• दिशः: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative), बहुवचनम् (Plural)

• दश: ten
• दश: कर्म-विशेषणम् (Qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दशन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: त्रिलिङ्ग-प्रयोगः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative), बहुवचनम् (Plural); संख्या-विशेषणम् (qualifying 'diśaḥ')

• विनादयन्: making resound / causing loud noise
• विनादयन्: कर्ता-विशेषणम् (Agent-participle governing object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि + नद् (धातु) → विनादयत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, शतृ-प्रत्ययः)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्तः (present active participle); पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative), एकवचनम् (Singular); सकर्मकः—कर्म 'दिशः दश'

Context

With five arrows pierced in the head of the vanara, Hanuman leaped into the sky with terrible roar, which resounded in all the ten directions.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• arrows (śara)
• ten directions (daśa diśaḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is fearless perseverance: even when harmed, Hanumān does not retreat into despair; he rises, reaffirming commitment to the truthful mission entrusted to him.

What is the narrative situation?

After being struck by five arrows, Hanumān leaps upward and roars, intimidating the opposition and rallying his own resolve.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Abhaya (fearlessness) and utsāha (indomitable spirit).